拮抗酵母菌对苹果采后青霉病的防治效果

[目的]为拮抗菌的商业化贮藏应用提供依据。[方法]通过室内培养筛选出2株具有拮抗效果的酵母菌,通过活体和离体试验,研究拮抗酵母菌对青霉引起的苹果采后病害的防治效果。[结果]活体条件下,含量为2×108CFU/ml的2株酵母菌对青霉菌具有较明显的抑制效果,其中菌株1的防效为89%,菌株2的防效为92%;离体条件下,含量为106CFU/ml的2株酵母菌可完全抑制青霉菌生长;用酵母菌菌悬液浸果后,贮藏20 d时苹果未出现腐烂现象,20 d后酵母菌菌株2在苹果上的数量为初始值的15.0倍,菌株1在苹果上的数量为初始值的10.2倍。[结论]2株酵母菌均可在苹果伤口上迅速繁殖,可有效防治苹果青霉病。

Control Effect of Yeast Antagonist on Post-harvest Blue Mold of Apple

[Objective] The aim was to supply basis for commercialized storage and application of antagonistic fungus.[Method] Two yeast strains with antagonistic effect were screened out through indoor culture,and the control effect of yeast antagonist on post-harvest disease of apple induced by blue mold was studied through in vivo and in vitro experiments.[Result] In vivo,2×108 CFU/ml of the 2 yeast strains had relatively obvious inhibition effect on blue mold and the control effects of the strain 1 and 2 were 89% and 92% resp.In vitro,106 CFU/ml of the 2 yeast strains could inhibit the growth of blue mold completely.After the fruit had ever been soaked in yeast suspension,the apples did not rot when they had been stored for 20 d.After storage for 20 d,the quantity of the yeast strain 2 on apple was 15 times of its initial value and that of the yeast strain 1 was 10.2 times of its initial value.[Conclusion] Both of the 2 yeast strains could multiply rapidly on the wounds of apples,then the blue mold of apple was controlled effectively.