冷季牦牛和黄牛采食行为、血清生化指标与瘤胃发酵参数的比较研究

本试验为研究冷季营养匮乏对放牧牦牛和黄牛血清生化指标、瘤胃发酵参数及放牧行为的影响,选取体重相近、健康无病的4岁母牦牛和母黄牛各10头,分别于2018年11月、2019年1和3月佩戴MOOnitor监测系统对其放牧行为进行研究.在试验期末(2019年3月)采集牧草样品、瘤胃液和血液,用于牧草营养成分、血清生化指标和瘤胃...

Comparative study of grazing behavior,serum biochemical indexes,and rumen fermentation parameters of yaks and cattle in the cold seaso

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cold season nutritional stress on serum biochemical indexes， rumen fermentation parameters， and grazing behavior of grazing yaks and cattle. The MOOnitor system was used to observe the grazing behavior of yaks and cattle in the cold season （November， January， and March）. At the end of the test period （March）， forage samples， rumen fluid， and blood samples were collected to analyze the nutrient composition of forage， serum biochemical indexes and rumen fermentation parameters. The results showed that： 1） The contents of serum glucose （GLU）， growth hormone （GH）， insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1）， and insulin （INS） were significantly higher in yaks than in cattle （P<0.05）； 2） The contents of ammonia nitrogen， acetate， valerate， total volatile fatty acids， and acetate/propionate in rumen fluid were significantly higher in yaks than in cattle （P<0.05）； 3） Nutrition in the cold season was severely deficient. Compared with cattle， yaks had significantly shorter grazing time and rumination time （P<0.05）， and a significantly longer walking time （P<0.05）. For yaks， the range of grazing was gradually dispersed， and the spatial distribution gradually shifted from canyon flat land to hillside. Therefore， under the nutritional stress of natural grazing in the cold season， compared with cattle， yaks have a stronger capacity to metabolize nutrients and produce volatile fatty acids as an energy source. Thus， the energy efficiency of yaks is better than that of cattle， and this allows them to effectively cope with cold season nutritional deficiencies by increasing grazing behaviors such as walking and grazing.