基于GIS的农村居民点区位评价与空间格局优化

在用地矛盾比较突出的广东清远地区，为实现“城乡建设用地挂钩”，需要对农村居民点迁、并、撤等进行整理。该文利用ARCGIS的空间分析和统计功能，根据影响农村居民点区位的自然、社会、经济和环境因素的适宜分值，利用最小限制因子方法，将佛冈县农村居民点划分为城镇转化型、城乡联合型、发展型、限制发展型和迁弃型5种整理类型。同时，根据影响农村居民点空间扩展因素的限制等级，将其临近区分成可转为建设用地的优先等级区。最后，根据优先等级区的位置和面积，结合2020年佛冈农村居民点用地规模的预测值，对不同整理类型的农村居民点采用不同的方式进行空间格局优化。优化结果为：城镇转化型和迁弃型农居全部转化为其他用地类型，扩大城乡联合型农居至 1 108.04 hm2，缩小限制发展型农居至753.1 hm2。该研究为农居整理活动提供科学依据。

Evaluation and optimization of spatial distribution of rural settlements based on GIS

It is necessary to provide transfer, merging, withdrawal and other activities for land consolidation which is performed for the connecting of rural-urban construction land use in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province where the contradiction of land uses is sharp. This paper divided rural settlements of Fogang County into five arrangement types with the spatial analysis and statistical function of ARCGIS, according to suitability rank of natural, social, economic and environmental factors and applying the method of minimum limiting factors. The five types were urban transformation type, urban-rural combination type, development type, limiting development type and migration type. Rural settlement buffers were divided into priority rank areas which can be transformed into construction land, according to limiting levels of spatial expansion factors of rural settlement. Applying priority rank areas and the predictive value of rural settlement scale in Fogang County in 2020, different arrangement types adopted different ways to optimize the spatial distribution of rural settlement. The results of optimization were that urban transformation type and migration type are totally transformed into other land uses, urban-rural combination type expands to 1 108.04 hm2, and limiting development type reduces to 753.1 hm2. The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific basis for land consolidation in rural area.