不同秸秆还田方式对棕壤磷素及玉米吸磷量的影响

通过田间试验,研究玉米秸秆直接还田、腐熟还田与化肥配施等处理对棕壤磷素、玉米吸磷量、玉米产量、磷肥利用率的影响。结果表明,除秸秆直接还田处理外,其他施肥处理均能显著提高土壤有效磷含量,且彼此间差异显著,以腐熟秸秆配施化肥处理最明显。各施肥处理均显著提高玉米吸磷量和玉米产量,以未腐熟秸秆配施化肥处理增产最明显。各处理的磷肥利用率从高到低依次为秸秆直接还田配施化肥处理秸秆腐熟还田配施化肥处理单施化肥处理。秸秆还田配施化肥提高了玉米产量,玉米吸磷量和磷肥利用率直接还田好于腐熟还田。

Effects of Different Ways of Straw Returning on the Brown Soil Phosphorus and Maize Phosphorus Uptake

In order to explore the rational utilization of the northern spring maize straw and appropriate way of its returning, the effects of different returning ways of maize straw(rotten and not rotten) blended with chemical fertilizer application on the brown soil phosphorus, maize phosphorus uptake, phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio and maize yield were studied through the field experiment treatments. The results showed that the maize straw returning with chemical fertilizer treatments can significantly improve the soil available phosphorus content, and that the best promoted effect came from the rotten straw returning treatment with NPK fertilizer application; all the fertilizing treatments can significantly improve the maize phosphorus uptake and yield, of which the best effects among them came from the straw direct returning treatment with NPK fertilizer, the order of the phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio from high to low was as follows: straw direct returning treatment with NPK fertilizer application > straw rotten returning treatment with NPK fertilizer application > only chemical NPK fertilizer application. All in all, maize stalks returning blended chemical fertilizers treatments could improve the maize phosphorus uptake and yield, and phosphorus fertilizer utilization ratio. The improved effect of straw direct returning was better than that of rotten straw.