利用RAPD、ISSR标记分析白芨种质资源遗传多样性的研究

旨在分析不同地区野生驯化白芨居群间亲缘关系,为白芨资源保护和利用提供支撑。利用RAPD和ISSR标记技术从分子层面鉴别源于湖南、湖北、贵州、云南、江西等地的12个白芨资源遗传多样性差异,并通过UPGMA对该差异性进行了聚类分析。结果表明,在36条供试RAPD引物中有13条扩增带型清晰、多态性高,15条供试ISSR引物中有2条扩增带型清晰、多态性高,共获得40条多态性条带;通过UPGMA聚类分析表明,12份供试白芨种质资源间具有较高的遗传多样性,遗传距离最大可达0.975,供试材料总体上可分为两个支系,湖南、江西为一个支系,湖北、贵州和云南为一个支系。利用ISSR和RAPD标记可以从分子水平上揭示白芨的种质资源遗传多样性,同时,研究还发现ISSR标记能比RAPD标记扩增出更多的多态条带和获得更高的多态比率,且分析不受时间和地点限制,结果更稳定、可靠。本研究结果显示白芨居群间遗传差异性与地理距离呈现一定的相关性,对研究白芨物种的演化及遗传多样性提供了相关数据和理论支持。

Study on Genetic Diversity of Bletilla striata Germplasm Resources Using RAPD and ISSR Markers

The research aims at analyzing genetic relationship between wild and domesticated Bletilla striata populations in different areas, and providing support for the protection and utilization of B. striata resources. With RAPD and ISSR markers, at the molecular level, the study identified the differences of genetic diversity among 12 B. striata resources in Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan and Jiangxi. The cluster analysis was used to analyze the differences by UPGMA. The results showed that in 36 RAPD primers, 13 primers got clear band and high polymorphism. In 15 ISSR primers, 2 primers obtained clear band with high polymorphism, and 40 polymorphic bands. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that high genetic diversity was found among 12 B. striata resources. The genetic distance reached up to 0.975. The selected materials were divided into two branches: Hunan, Jiangxi as a branch, Hubei, Guizhou and Yunnan as another branch. RAPD and ISSR markers could reveal the genetic diversity of B. striata resources at the molecular level. Besides, it was found that ISSR markers could amplify more polymorphic bands and get higher polymorphic ratio than that of RAPD markers. And the conducting analysis was not restricted by time and place, and the analysis results were also more stable and reliable. It was concluded that there were some correlations between the differences of genetic diversity among the B. striata populations and geographic locations, which provided related data and theory to further study on B. striata species evolution and genetic diversity.