直干桉超级苗组培快繁技术体系研究

以直干桉超级苗茎段为外植体,分别采用正交试验、两因素全因子试验和单因素试验逐一探讨直干桉外植体消毒、腋芽诱导、不定芽增殖、生根培养、移栽等组培快繁主要环节中各自的最佳处理,构建直干桉超级苗组织培养的技术体系。结果表明,外植体联合消毒的最佳处理为75%酒精消毒20s,1%洁尔灭消毒2min和0.1%升汞消毒5min,在控制污染率的同时,成活率极显著高于其他处理;暗培养在降低外植体褐化率、提高成活率方面具有极显著效应;腋芽诱导的最佳体系为改良的MS培养基、0.6mg/L6-BA和0.5mg/LNAA,在提高腋芽萌发率的同时,可使芽长、芽壮且结果稳定;不定芽增殖的最佳处理为改良的H培养基、1.0mg/L6-BA和0.1mg/LIBA,不但增大增殖系数,同时还缩短了增殖培养时间;生根培养的最佳处理为改良的White培养基、0.3mg/LIBA和0.1mg/LNAA,可极显著提高生根率、缩短生根时间且结果稳定;移栽培育的适宜基质组成为珍珠岩∶腐殖土∶草炭=1∶1∶1,成活率显著高于其他基质组成。

Technical System of Tissue Culture for Rapid Propagation of Eucalyptus maideni Superior Seedlings

The stem segments of Eucalyptus maideni superior seedlings were used as explants,orthogonal experiment,two-factor full factor experiment and single-factor experiment were adopted,respectively,to explore the best treatment in the main procedures of tissue culture,including disinfection,axillary bud induction,adventitious bud proliferation,rooting culture and transplantation,to establish the technical system for tissue culture of E.maideni superior seedlings.The results showed that the optimal treatments for combined disinfection of explants were 75% alcohol disinfection for 20 s,1% bromo-geramine disinfection for 2 min and 0.1% mercuric chloride disinfection for 5 min.The contamination rate was controlled and the survival rate was significantly higher than those of other treatments.The browning rate was significantly reduced and the survival rate increased markedly through dark culture of explants.The best system for axillary bud induction was the improved MS medium,0.6 mg/L 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA,which could make the buds longer and stronger,and could increase the germination rate of axillary buds.The optimum treatment of adventitious bud proliferation was the improved H medium,1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA,which not only remarkably increased the proliferation coefficient but also significantly shortened the breeding time.The optimal treatment of rooting culture was the improved White medium,0.3 mg/L IBA and 0.1 mg/L NAA,which significantly improved rooting rate,shortened rooting time and the test results were very stable.The suitable substrate composition for transplanting cultivation was perlite∶humus soil∶turf=1∶1∶1,the survival rate was significantly higher than that of other substrates.