淮南市新老公园木本植物景观及物种多样性对比分析

采用典型样方法对淮南市新建公园和老公园植物景观及物种多样性进行了比较分析,两类公园样地共记录木本植物91种,隶属43科67属。结果表明,新建公园在种类数量、乔灌比值、观花和观叶等观赏特性上高于老公园,而老公园在观果植物种类上显著高于新建公园;新建公园乔木、灌木层重要值最大的树种分别是香樟(IV=17.92)和石楠(IV=11.28),而老公园分别是悬铃木(IV=14.73)和石楠(IV=13.17)。悬铃木(市树)在新公园中重要值降低,而月季(市花)在新老公园中重要值均比较低;Margalef物种丰富度、Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均呈现出新老公园乔木层高于灌木层的分布规律。单因素方差分析结果表明,新建公园乔木层显著高于老公园(P>0.05),而老公园灌木层显著高于新建公园(P<0.05)。新建公园存在种类多,但物种多样性低现象。研究可为淮南市城市公园的建设和生物多样性保护工作的开展提供理论依据。

Comparison of Landscape and Species Diversity of Woody Plants in New and Old Urban Parks in Huainan City

City park is an important part of urban green space,and it reflects the plant diversity of the city.The landscape and species diversity of woody plants in new and old urban parks in Huainan were compared by typical sample method.The results showed that 91 woody plant species belonging to 67 genera of 43 families were recorded in two kinds of park plots.The newly established parks were superior to the old ones in terms of species number,ratio of arbor to shrub,number of species of flowering plants and foliage plants.In old parks,the number of species of ornamental fruit plants were significantly higher than those in new parks.Tree and shrub species with the largest importance value in new urban parks were Cinnamomum camphora (IV =17.92)and Photinia serrulata (IV =11.28).In old urban parks,they were Platanus acerifolia (IV =14.73) and Photinia serrulata (IV =13.17).The importance value of P.acerifolia (Huainan City Tree) decreased in new urban parks,but the importance value of Rosa chinensis (City Flower) was relatively low both in new and old urban parks.The Margarlef index of tree layer was much greater than that of shrub layer in new and old urban parks.In addition,the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indexes associated with Pielou index showed the same tendency as the Margarlef index.The one-way analysis of variance proved that the diversity indexes of tree layer in new urban parks were significantly higher than that of tree layer in old urban parks( P <0.05),but diversity indexes of shrub layer in new urban parks were significantly lower than that of shrub layer in old urban parks.There were many plant species in the new parks,but the species diversity was low. The results of this study could provide scientific basis and decision-making reference for the construction of urban parks and the protection of biodiversity in Huainan City .