马铃薯早熟组合重要农艺性状分离趋势研究

文章选用4种杂交类型共21个早熟杂交组合,对其产量性状的群体分离趋势进行了研究。结果表明,亲本与实生苗世代在皮色和薯形这两个性状上表现出显著和极显著正相关,但亲本间的遗传效应不同;各类杂交组合类型后代分离群体的商品薯率频数分布表现相似,为偏态多峰曲线分布,初步推断马铃薯商品早熟性的遗传可能由两个主效基因和多个微效基因共同控制;在单株块茎重、单株块茎数和块茎均重上各杂交类型的总体分布趋势基本相同,呈连续性偏小分布;比重更接近于正态分布。

Segregation of important agronomic traits in early-maturing combination of potatoes

Segregation of yield components in progenies of 21 early-maturing combinations which were grouped into 4 types of cross were described. Correlations between parents and seedling generation showed a significant positive correlation and a highly significant positive correlation for both skin color and tuber shape, but differences were found in genetic effects of the parents. Frequency distributions of yield of marketable tubers in all cross types were similar and of asymmetry with many peaks, at 20% and 40%-50%. It may be assumed that heredity of potato early production of marketable tubers is controlled by two major genes and many minor genes together. Frequency distributions of tuber yield, tuber number and mean tuber weight per hill were similar in all cross types and were continually declining with majority at the low value. Frequency distributions of specific gravity of tubers were close to normal.