长江中华鲟超声波遥测技术

利用美国Ｓｏｎｏｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ公司的超声波发射器，接收仪和水下听筒装配的一套超声波遥测定位系统，在长江宜昌江段对中华鲟进行遥测试验，方法可靠，在葛州坝下江段其探测半径约达１５００米。借助特制快艇和ＧＰＳ，采用三角定位法，可较准确地定位中华鲟行踪。超声波发射器的特定声波编码，可将不同标志个体区别开。本试验１９９５和１９９６年标志了１５尾即将参加自然繁殖的中华鲟。其中１９９６年标志１０尾，全产进行了定

TECHNIQUE OF ULTRASONIC TELEMETRY FOR CHINESE STURGEON, ACIPENSER SINENSIS, IN YANGTZE RIVER

The ult rasonic telemet ry sy stem co nsisted of a so nic r eceiv er, a hy dro phone and sonic t ransmitters ( tags) , all of w hich w ere made by Sono tr onics, I nc. , U SA. U ltr aso nic tags ( tw o ty pes: 78kHz a nd 40kHz) w ere teste d in the Y ichang reach be low Gezhouba Dam and fo und that the so nic signal could be detected an est imated 1500m r ange. The receiver-hy dr ophone sy stem w as mounted on a gla ssf iber bo at ( 6. 3 meter lo ng, 63. 4 kW outboa rd mo to r ) , using t riangulat ion, enabled accur ate lo cat ing o f f ish w ith GPS assistance. Ta gged individuals could be identif ied by the sig nals f rom the so nic-coded tags. 15 of f inal sexua l mature stur geon wer e tagged below Gezho uba Dam at the Y ichang reach o f Yangt ze Riv er in Octo ber 1995 and 1996. The scanned area w as f r om the dam to the reach at Yidu City, cover ing abo ut 50 km in length. All o f 10 f ish tagg ed w ere located in 1996, and mo nitored their mo vement s o f each f ish during their pre-spaw ning, po st-spaw ning and spaw ning. The reach wa s survey ed 4 t imes each da y. 10 of the tagg ed f ish were located totally 573 t imes. Each of them w as successiv ely lo cate d f or 6~ 48 days respectiv ely, averaging 19. 8 day s. The telemetr y technique used in Yangt ze R iver could be used to studies on mig rat ion, lo cat ing breeding sites a nd spaw ning r equirement s of o ther f ishe s o r aquat ic an-i mals in the Yangtze and other rivers.