贵州不同产地鱼腥草的形态和营养品质差异

以鱼腥草为试验材料,研究了贵州不同产地鱼腥草的形态和营养品质差异。结果表明:在10个种植土样中,其中7个样品有机质含量高于30 g/kg,达到菜地土壤的一级标准;土壤肥力状况较好的是遵义市、安顺市和雷山县的种植地土壤;鱼腥草地下茎茎粗为2.0~3.9 mm,最粗的是毕节市威宁县的鱼腥草,茎粗为3.9 mm;地下茎节间长为1.9~3.2 mm,最长的是贵阳市乌当区产的鱼腥草,最短的是凯里市的野生型鱼腥草,其叶片也最小;10个鱼腥草品种材料始花节位在第4~7节;综合植物学性状、地下茎主要营养成分如维生素C、可溶性糖、黄酮含量均较高、口感较好、外观品质较好的地方品种(系)是安顺市的鱼腥草,其次是贵阳市乌当区的鱼腥草品种。安顺市的鱼腥草品种地下茎维生素C含量为504.0 mg/kg,是贵州鱼腥草主产地栽培的鱼腥草商品品种中维生素C含量最高的品种,其黄酮含量和可溶性糖含量也较高。

Differences in the Morphological and Nutritional Quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. from Different Regions in Guizhou Province

Abstract: The Houttuynia cordata Thunb. was used as the experimental material and the differences inthe morphological and nutritional quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. from different regions in Guizhouwere studied. The results showed that the organic matter content of seven soil samples, which were from10 soil sampls, were higher than 30 g/kg, and reached the standard level of vegetable soil. The soil fertilitystatus of Zhunyi city, Anshun city and Leishan county were better. Rhizome diameters of Houttuynia cordataThunb. were from 2.0 mm to 3.9 mm, Houttuynia cordata Thunb. of Weining in Bijie city was of the mostthick stem diameter, which was 3.9 mm, and its rhizome internode length was from 1.9 mm to 3.2 mm,the longest was from WuDang in Guyang city, the shortest was from the wild Houttuynia cordata Thunb. of Kaili city and their leaves were least. The first flower node of the 10 houttuynia cultivars were between fourth and seventh node. Comprehensive botanical character, nutrients from rhizome, such as vitamin C, soluble sugar and flavonoids content, the appearance quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. from Anshuncity were best, followed by the Wudang in Guiyang city. Rhizome vitamin C content of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. from Anshun city was 504.0 mg/kg and was the highest levels of varieties of all the investigation sampling, the flavonoid content and soluble sugar content were also higher.