黄河三角洲滨海盐碱退化地恢复与再利用评价

滨海盐碱退化地是重要的待开发利用土地资源。该文以黄河三角洲为研究区，进行了以农用为目标的滨海盐碱退化地恢复与再利用评价研究。采用土壤图与土地利用现状图相叠加的方式确定评价单元，系统聚类与Delphi法筛选参评因素，层次分析法确定其权重，模糊评判法确定盐碱退化地恢复与再利用等级。结果显示，黄河三角洲盐碱退化地恢复与再利用潜力较大，一、二等地占总面积的33.73%，三、四等地占总面积的42.54%，五、六等地占总面积的23.73%。盐碱退化地可恢复与再利用程度与土壤含盐量、地下水矿化度和埋深以及土地利用程度有较强的相关性，与距离黄河和渤海的远近有密切关系，空间上呈现从沿海向内陆逐渐提高，离黄河愈近愈高的分异规律。该研究探索了滨海盐碱退化地恢复与再利用评价的技术方法，对滨海盐碱退化地的可持续利用有积极意义。

Restoration and reutilization evaluation of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands in Yellow River Delta

The coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands are important land resources that are prepared to be developed. Taking Yellow River Delta as study area, restoration and reutilization evaluation of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands with the purpose of agriculture use was carried out. The evaluation units were produced by overlaying soil map with land-use map, and evaluation factors were chosen by cluster analysis and Delphi method. Then the weights of factors were determined by analytic hierarchy process method and the grades of restoration and reutilization about coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands were evaluated by fuzzy evaluation method. The results showed that the potentiality of restoration and reutilization of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands was great. The first and the second grades were 33.73% of the whole area, the third and the fourth grades were 42.54%, and the fifth and the sixth grades were only 23.73%. The grades of restoration and reutilization of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands were greatly affected by soil salt content, groundwater mineralization and depth and land use degrees. Also the grades were closely influenced by the distance away from the Yellow River and Bohai Sea and improved from seaside to inland gradually. The closer the lands are away from the Yellow River, the higher their grades are. This study explores the evaluation method of restoration and reutilization of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands, and it has positive significance to sustainable utilization of coastal saline-alkaline degraded lands.