高寒地区人工草地土壤微生物群落对不同种植方式和年限的响应

为了探讨高寒地区多年生人工草地土壤微生物对不同种植方式和年限的响应，本试验采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术，研究了高寒地区不同生长年限的单播和混播人工草地土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性变化。结果表明：研究共识别出63个细菌门类和17个真菌门类，约有50%的真菌门未识别出来。已识别类群中细菌以变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）占优势，真菌以子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、被孢霉门（Mortierellomycota）占优势。不同种植方式土壤细菌多样性和丰富度均无显著差异。中华羊茅（Festuca sinensis）草地和混播草地土壤真菌多样性和丰富度显著高于短芒披碱草（Elymus breviaristatus）草地的。混播草地不同生长年限细菌和真菌无显著变化，单播草地土壤细菌随年限的增长逐渐减少。高寒地区多年生人工草地土壤微生物多样性和丰富度显著受土壤硝态氮和速效磷含量变化影响。

Responses of Soil Microbial Communities of Sown Perennial Grassland in Alpine Region to Different Sowing Ways and Growth Years

In order to explore the response of soil microorganisms to different planting patterns and years in alpine region,the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities in monocropping and mixture with different growth years was studied by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that 63 bacteria phyla and 17 fungi phyla were identified,and about 50% fungi were not identified. Among the identified phyla,bacteria were dominantlyProteobacteria,Acidobacteria,and Actinomycetes,and fungi were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Mortierella. There was no significant difference in soil bacterial diversity and richness among different sowing ways,and the diversity and richness of soil fungi in Festuca sinensis monoculture grassland and mixed sowing grassland were significantly higher than those in Elymus breviaristatus monoculture grassland;There was no significant change in bacteria and fungi in the mixed grassland with different growth years,and soil bacteria decreased with growth years. Soil microbial diversity and richness of perennial sown grassland in alpine region were significantly affected by the soil nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus content.