不同中间砧苹果树光合速率比较研究

嫁接在同一基砧不同中间砧上的玫瑰红苹果树的光合速率有明显差异。叶幕形成期矮化性强的Ｍ９、Ｍ２６中间砧组光合速率高；叶幕形成后的不同时期，以Ｍ４、Ｚｉ和Ｍ７３种中间砧组光合速率较高，稳定性亦较好，Ｍ２６、ＭＭ１０６中间砧组光合速率最低．稳定性最差．各中间砧组合光合速率年周期变化动态趋势不同，Ｍ４、Ｍ９中间砧组９月下旬至１０月下旬为上升型，Ｍ２６、ＭＭ１０６中间砧组为下降型，Ｍ７、Ｚ１中间砧组为相对平稳型。各中间砧组光合速率差异与叶的发育状况及单株产量无关。利用Ｍ４、Ｚｉ、Ｍ７作中间砧是提高元帅系短枝型苹果树光合速率的一条栽培途径。

Comparison of photosynthetic rate in apple trees worked with different interstocks

The net photosynthetic rates(NPR)in apple trees Meigyihong or Rose Red on the same rootstock but inserted with M4,M7,M9,Zi,M26and MM106 interstocks were determined. The results suggested that it was higher of NPR in trees inserted with the M9 and M26 interstocks than those with other four interstocks during canopy forming. After canopy formed,the NPR of tress worked with M4,Zi and M7 interstocks was higher and stabler than those with the other three interstocks.Among all the trees tested,the NPR of individuals worked with the M26 and MM106 interstocks was the lowest and most instable. The variation tendency of NPR during growing season was different in apple trees with different interstocks.All the above-mentioned differeces were not correlated with developing states of leaves and not with yield of trees as well.