贵州喀斯特高原人口分布的自然环境因素Ⅰ.主要影响因素研究

从贵州典型的喀斯特高原自然环境的特点出发,采用相关分析方法研究贵州高原人口分布与海拔高度以及喀斯特地质条件等主要影响因子的相关关系,并且进一步分析和讨论了不同喀斯特类型区域的人口分布差异性及其原因,对揭示喀斯特高原山区人口分布的地理问题具有现实意义.

Study on the Natural Environmental Factors Affecting Population Distribution in the Guizhou Karst Plateau: Analysis on the Main Factors

Based on the natural environmental features in the Guizhou Karst Plateau, in this paper the correlations between the population distribution and the natural environmental factors including average altitude, karst geological conditions, etc. are analyzed using correlation analysis, and the difference of population distribution in different karst areas and the factors affecting population distribution and migration are also analyzed so as to reveal the geographical factors affecting population distribution in the Ghuizhou Karst Plateau. The results reveal that the unique mountainous plateau topography and the karst geologic conditions are the main factors resulting in the complexity and vulnerability of natural environment, and also the main factors affecting population distribution and migration in Guizhou Province. Population distribution in the province is mainly affected by the elevation, landforms, topographic slope and the climatic, hydrologic and vegetation conditions, which is similar to that in other regions. However, there are also some differences in population distribution, for example, the population density does not decrease with the increase of elevation, that is, the regions with high elevation are densely populated, but the places with low elevation is sparsely populated except the regions with elevation over 1 600 m a. s. 1. The unique karst geologic and geomorphologic conditions restrict the population carrying capacity of lands and the population migration in Guizhou Province. The population distribution is also affected by the proportion of area of soil erosion under the joint effects of elevation, slope, fluvial erosion, climatic and geologic conditions, etc.