不同类型有机物料的有机磷组成及生物有效性

[目的]研究不同有机物料的有机磷组成及其作为磷源施用后的供磷能力,为化肥磷的有机替代奠定理论基础.[方法]供试有机物料包括粪肥类(猪粪、羊粪)、绿肥类(豌豆、苜蓿和绿豆)、秸秆类(小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和油菜秸秆).分析了8种有机物料的全磷、有机磷含量和C/P值,采用Bowman-Cole方法测定了有机磷中的活性(LOP)...

The composition of organic phosphorus and bioavailability of different organic materials

[Objectives]This study investigated the organic P composition of different organic materials and their P supply capacity as P sources,providing theoretical and data reference for the organic substitutions of P fertilizer.[Methods]A wheat pot experiment was carried out,the used organic materials included manures(pig manure,sheep manure),legumes(pea,alfalfa,mung bean),straws(wheat straw,maize straw,rape straw).The total and organic P contents and the C/P ratio in the eight materials were analyzed,and the organic P was fractioned into labile organic P(LOP),medium-labile organic P(MLOP),medium-stable organic P(MROP)and high-stable organic P(HROP)via the Bowman and Cole methods.The wheat P uptake,soil available P content were determined.[Results]The total P content in manures,legumes and straws were 5.49–5.52 g/kg,1.19–2.59 g/kg and 0.57–1.07 g/kg respectively,the proportion of organic P was in range of 31.3%–55.2%.Except mung bean stalks,the organic P contents in all the tested organic materials were lower than inorganic P contents.In the total organic P,the average proportions of LOP,MLOP,MROP,HROP were 8.5%,45.2%,41.5%and 4.9%,respectively.The LOP content was in the order of manures(175.5 mg/kg)>legumes(67.03 mg/kg)>straws(25.8 mg/kg).The MLOP contents were relatively high in pig manure and mung bean straw.The MROP content was significantly different and in order of sheep manure>pig manure>alfalfa>mung bean>pea>maize straw>rape straw>wheat straw;The HROP content in manures was significantly higher than that in the other organic materials.The application of legumes and manures significantly increased the P uptake and biological yield of wheat,but application of straws significantly reduced them.The P uptake of wheat was positively correlated with soil available P content,negatively correlated with the C/P ratio of organic materials,and positively correlated with the LOP,MLOP and MROP of organic materials,not correlated with HROP contents.The content of soil available P was negatively correlated with the C/P of organic materials.[Conclusions]In all the tested organic materials in this experiment,the total P content is in order of manures>legumes>straws,and the organic P content is lower than inorganic P,except mung bean stalks.Medium liable and medium stable P(MLOP and MROP)are the two main fractions in the organic P.Legumes and manures have relatively high P content and relatively low C/P ratio,their application could increase soil available P,so can be used to replace a certain ratio of chemical P fertilizer.While straws have low P content and high C/P ratio,so the bioavailability of P is low,not suitable for use as part of P fertilizer.