土壤紧实胁迫下根系–土壤的相互作用

[目的]土壤紧实胁迫破坏土体理化性质,阻碍作物根系生长,降低作物产量,是限制农业生产力提高的世界性难题.根系形态结构决定了植物对土壤资源的探索能力及其对胁迫环境的适应性.讨论紧实胁迫下植物根系–土壤的相互作用,综述国内外关于根系通过形态和生理改变等根系生物学潜力的发挥提高对紧实胁迫适应性的研究进展.[主要进展]土壤紧实...

Root-soil interaction under soil compaction

[Objectives]Globally,soil compaction causes major changes in soil physical and chemical processes,restricts growth of crop roots,and reduces crop productivity.The root system determines how plants explore soil resources and adapt to stress conditions.In this review,we discuss root-soil interaction of crops under soil compaction.We specifically focus on domestic and international research progress on how to improve the adaptability of root systems to compaction stress through morphological and physiological change,and other root biological potentials.[Advances]Soil compaction inhibits root penetration and limits root access to soil moisture and nutrients.Plant roots change a series of anatomical and morphological traits to fully utilize soil pores for expanding growth space and improving adaptability to soil compaction.In addition,the roots also physiologically respond to soil compaction by releasing large amounts of exudates which in turn affect the soil microstructure,changes the micro-environment of root-soil interface,and reduce the mechanical resistance to root growth.[Prospects]Soil compaction has long been ignored as a yield-limiting factor.Improving the adaptability of plant root to compacted soil by stimulating the biological potentials of root is critical for optimal plant growth.Hence,future research should focus on revealing the mechanisms and processes underlying soil compaction and root-soil-microbe interaction.These advances will provide scientific basis for developing biological potential of roots,strengthening key root or rhizosphere traits,shaping healthy soil structure,and improving crop productivity under soil compaction stress.