苹果的枝果形态相关与预先选择

<正> 在果树育种过程中,对杂种实生苗的早期鉴定与预选,早已为育种者所关注。Luther Burbank与I.V.Michurin很重视这项研究工作,提出了一些树种在形态特征方面的相关指标,但多限于经验。随着科学的进展,不少育种工作者从生物学、解剖学、生理、生化等方面进行了预选研究。在木量杂种实生苗中。根据形态特征的相关进行预选,比较切实可行。Brown(1975)指出,所有的相关与预选,必须达到下列两点要求:(1)相关程度必须很高;(2)

THE MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION BETWEEN SHOOT AND FRUIT SIZE AND PRELIMINARY SELECTION OF HYBRID SEEDLING ON APPLE

We already had a collection of 79 apple cultivers, 23 crab apple eultivars and 159 hybrid seedlings. The morphological correlation between apple shoot and fruit size was investigated in 1964 and by 1983. We revealed and proved some morphological indications which may be useful for preliminary selection of hybrid seedlings. These signs are as follows:1.The basal diameter of shoot is above 0.57 cm and the tip of shoot above 0.36 cm, which may be the sign of big fruit above 100 gm.2.The strighter shoots may appear as big fruit, otherwise wavy shoots as crab apple.3.The shoots covered with cloud-foggy and network wax are good indications of big fruit.4. In the majority of cases, deeper colouring of the bark of shoot is a sign of big fruit, whereas a lighter eolouring prognosticate a crab apple.5. The brightness of bark of shoots is a sign of crab apple and the dark of shoots should be regarded as a good sign of apple.6.Greater pubescence of the shoot is the sign of big fruit and a slight degree of pubescence or smooth shoot is the sign of small fruit.7. The basal breading of axillary bud of shoot is above 0.33-0.4cm and the fruit size of hybrid seedlings is above 100gm.8. Downy or fuller pubescent axillary bud is the sign of big fruit, otherwise it may be small fruit.9.The small prickles and slander branches of hybrid seedling may be the sign of small fruit, whereas relatively greater thick branch is the sign of big fruit.