酸枣种子萌发特性研究

目的]寻求提高酸枣种子发芽率的最佳途径。方法]通过对野生酸枣种子萌发的试验研究,研究了赤霉素处理(0、200、500、800mg/L),室温(21℃)和低温(4和-20℃)层积处理和98%浓硫酸处理对酸枣种子萌发的影响。结果]赤霉素溶液浸种可打破酸枣种子的休眠,显著提高酸枣种子的发芽率和发芽势。多重比较表明,用0.8‰赤霉素浸种24 h,可使去壳酸枣的发芽率和发芽势以及发芽指数达到0.815、0.735和9.340;层积处理(含壳)在室温下,发芽率可达到48.5%,但其效果在4和-20℃下不明显;98%浓硫酸浸泡带种壳的种子处理24 h,种子发芽率与自然萌发相比,差异不显著。结论]用800 mg/L赤霉素溶液处理去壳的酸枣种子提高酸枣种子发芽率的最佳的种子处理方法。

Study on Seed Germination Characteristics of Zizyphus Jujuba

Objective] The purpose of the research was to seek the optimal approach of increasing the germination rate of Zizyphus jujuba seeds.Method] In the experiment of the seed germination of Z.jujuba,the effects of gibberellin(GA) treatment(0,200,500,800 mg/L),stratification treatments at room temperature(21 ℃) and low temperature(4 ℃ and-20 ℃),98% concentrated sulfuric acid treatment on the seed germination of Z.jujuba were studied.Result] Soaking seeds in GA solution could break the Z.jujube seed dormancy and observably increase the germination rate and energy of the seeds.The multiple comparison showed that soaking the seeds with 0.8‰ GA for 24 h could make the germination rate,energy and index of the shelled wild jujube reached to at 0.815,0.735 and 9.340 resp.The germination rate could reach 48.5% under stratification treatment(with shell) at room temperature,but its effects were not obvious at 4 ℃ and 20 ℃.After soaking the seeds with shell in with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 24 h,the seed germination rate had no obvious differences compared with natural germination.Conclusion] Treating the shelled wild jujube seeds with 800 mg/L GA was the optimal method of seed treatment to improve the seed germination rate of Z.jujube.