云南7种红菇科野生食用菌营养成分分析

为了解云南7种红菇科(Russulaceae)野生食用菌营养价值,采用国家标准方法,测定17项营养指标,运用聚类分析和主成分分析方法进行综合评价。结果显示,7种红菇科野生食用菌营养成分丰富,风味氨基酸含量高,17项营养指标均存在不同程度的差异。系统聚类分析将7种红菇科野生食用菌分为3类,第1类:玫瑰红菇(Russula rosea);第2类:大红菇(Russula alutacea)、青头菌(Russula virescens);第3类:松乳菇(Lactarius deliciosus)、红汁乳菇(Lactarius hatsudake)、静生乳菇(Lactarius quietus)、稀褶多汁乳菇(Lactarius hygroporoides)。通过主成分分析提取了综合评价的4个主成分,建立了综合得分函数模型:Z=0.469Z1+0.252Z2+0.122Z3+0.070Z4,揭示了不同种类红菇营养价值的差异,得到了综合评分较高的大红菇(Russula alutacea)。

Analysis on Nutrient Composition of Seven Species of Russulaceae in Yunnan Province

To study the difference of nutrition composition and the nutritive quality of seven species of Russulaceae in Yunnan province,seventeen nutrients were analyzed by national standard method. Baesd on our analytical results,cluster analysis and comprehensive quality evalutions were carried out. The results indicated that seven species of Russulaceae were generally high in protein,sweet amino acid,MSG-like amino acid,aromatic amino acid and low in crude fat. 7 species of Russulaceae were divided into 3 categories by the systematic cluster analysis,the first category was Russula rosea,the second category was Russula alutacea and Russula virescens,and the third category was Lactarius deliciosus,Lactarius hatsudake,Lactarius quietus and Lactarius hygroporoides. The four principal component of the comprehensive evaluation were extracted by principal component analysis,and a comprehensive score function model was established: Z=0.469 Z1+0.252 Z2+0.122 Z3+0.070 Z4,which revealed the difference in nutritional value of difference species of Russulaceae,and Russula alutacea obtained a higher comprehensive score.