蝴蝶兰‘大辣椒’花粉活力及柱头可授性探究

以蝴蝶兰‘大辣椒’的不同时期花朵为试验材料，利用TTC和联苯胺-过氧化氢法分别检测花粉活力和柱头的可授性，探索最佳的授粉时期，以期为杂交育种选择亲本提供参考依据。结果表明，随着开放时间的增长，蝴蝶兰花粉团颜色逐渐加深，体积变小，硬度增加；蝴蝶兰不同开放时期花粉最佳染色时间不同，花蕾期为24 h，其余时期为48 h；不同开放时期花粉的活力也有差异，小花蕾期>大花蕾期>开放1 d>开放5~15 d；小花蕾期柱头可授性较弱，大花蕾、开放1 d和开放5 d柱头可授性逐渐有所增强，开放10 d和开放15 d柱头可授性最强。

Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’

In this paper, we utilized the different flowering stages of Phalaenopsis ‘Big Chili’ as the experimental material to detecte the pollen viability by TTC staining method and determine the stigma receptivity by benzidine - hydrogen peroxide method. The objective was to explore the optimal pollination period and provide a reference for parent selection in hybrid breeding.The results showed that the color of Phalaenopsis pollen darkened, its volume decreased, and its texture hardened with advancing flower opening time.The optimal time for pollen staining of Phalaenopsis varied with flowering stages,being 24 h during the bud stage and 48 h during subsequent periods. There were also differences in pollen viability at different flowering stages, with the order of small bud stage > large bud stage > one day after opening > 5 d-15 d after opening. Stigma receptivity was weak at small bud stage, enhanced at large bud, one day and five days after opening, and strongest at ten day and fifteen days after opening.