小麦条锈病在山东省的发生和发展动态

本文对近几年来山东省小麦产区的条锈病发生和发展动态进行了文献综述，结果表明：除2020年发生较重外，多个县市个别年份出现历史上较早发生的情况。对山东部分小麦主栽品种的抗条锈水平进行梳理，结果表明山东麦区小麦品种抗条锈水平有所提升，在29个主栽品种中有12个品种具有中抗及以上条锈病抗性，占比42.9%；对山东境内小麦条锈病春季流行的传播源头及传播路径进行了讨论，目前有两种推论，一是陇南、四川盆地的菌源经陕西中部向中原麦区传播，二是山东麦区的条锈菌可能来自鄂西北冬繁区。作为黄淮海麦区的重要小麦产区，建议相关单位对小麦条锈菌的基础研究如山东麦区条锈菌的优势生理小种、种群遗传结构和传播路径等问题进一步明确，并且建立山东省小麦条锈菌监测的长期机制，例如定期的生理小种监测，持续的品种的抗锈性监测等。

Occurrence and Transmission of Wheat Stripe Rust in Shandong Province

This article summarized the occurrence of wheat stripe rust in the main wheat producing areas of Shandong Province in recent years, and we found that the rust disease occurred earlier in several cities except for 2020 with seriously developing. Also, we analyzed the wheat stripe rust resistance for some main varieties in Shandong. The results showed that the yellow rust resistance of wheat varieties in Shandong had been promoted. There were 12 varieties, which had middle resistance or highly resistance, in 29 wheat varieties investigated. We discussed the inocula and transport of the spring epidemic of wheat stripe rust in Shandong Province. There are two inferences: one is that the inocula sources in Longnan and Sichuan basins spread to the Central Plains wheat region through the central part of Shaanxi, and the other is that the stripe rust in the Shandong wheat region may come from the winter breeding areas in northwest Hubei; As an important wheat producing area in the Huanghuaihai region, we recommended the related departments should make further scientific research onsome basic research issues such as the dominant physiological races of the pathogen, population genetic structure, and transmission path in Shandong and established a long-term mechanism for monitoring wheat stripe rust races, such as regular physiological race monitoring, variety rust resistance monitoring, etc.