调亏灌溉技术及对葡萄果实品质的影响

由于全球变暖，水资源短缺的风险越来越大，为此优化传统栽培模式，实行节水灌溉势在必行，调亏灌溉是提高水分利用效率的关键技术。本文首先深入探讨了调亏灌溉的机理，从葡萄树体的生长状况、根系的发育情况以及相关蛋白的表达调控等多个角度进行了综合分析。其次文章对分期调亏灌溉、根系分区灌溉和隔行交替灌溉这三种具体的调亏灌溉模式进行了详细的概述。文章进一步探讨了不同灌溉时期对葡萄生长发育的影响，以及不同物候期对水分的需求及如何根据葡萄的生长周期来合理安排灌溉时间。最后，文章总结了调亏灌溉对葡萄果实中糖分、酸度、酚类化合物以及香气物质等关键品质因素的影响。通过对调亏灌溉机理的深入研究，以及对不同灌溉模式和时期影响的探讨，为科学管理葡萄园，实现节水增效，促进农业可持续发展奠定理论基础。

Regulated deficit irrigation and its effect on grape fruit quality

Due to global warming, the risk of water shortage is increasing. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize the traditional cultivation mode and implement water-saving irrigation. Regulated deficit irrigation is the key technology to improve water use efficiency. In this paper, the mechanism of regulated deficit irrigation was discussed in depth, and the growth status of vines, the development of roots and the expression regulation of related proteins were comprehensively analyzed. Secondly, the paper gives a detailed overview of three specific irrigation modes: phased deficit irrigation, root zone irrigation and alternate irrigation. This paper further discussed the effects of different irrigation periods on grape growth, the water demand of different phenological periods and how to arrange irrigation time reasonably according to the growth cycle of grapes. Finally, the effects of regulated deficit irrigation on key quality factors such as sugar, acidity, phenolic compounds and aroma substances in grape fruits were summarized. Through the in-depth study of the mechanism of adjustment deficit irrigation and the discussion of the influence of different irrigation modes and periods, the theoretical foundation is laid for the scientific management of vineyards, the realization of water saving and efficiency, and the promotion of sustainable agricultural development.