山西省主推玉米品种农艺性状与产量的变化趋势

以山西省1996~2015年在生产上大面积推广应用的玉米品种为材料,选取这20年间大面积推广的16个品种,考察株高、穗位高等指标,对所有品种的农艺性状和产量进行方差分析,同时对农艺性状与产量间的相关性进行分析。根据每个年代的各农艺性状、产量的平均值进行回归分析,研究农艺性状与产量随年份的变化趋势。结果表明,山西省20年间主推玉米品种的千粒重和产量随年代的演变总体呈上升趋势;株高、穗位高、穗株比、秃尖长、雌雄穗开花间隔时间和收获时含水量都是随年份的演变呈逐渐下降的趋势;穗长、穗粗、穗行数和行粒数随年代的变化无明显变化。

Trend of Agronomic Traits and Yield of Maize Varieties Released Extensively in Different Eras in Shanxi

The varieties that be released from 1996-2015 with large area application in the production were used as the experimental materials. Sixteen cultivars extended in recent twenty years at large scale were selected. The plant heigh, ear height and ear diameter, etc. were observed. ANOVA analysis was made for the agronomic traits and grain yield. The correlation between the agronomic traits and grain yield was analyzed. Base on the regression analysis on the mean value of agronomic traits and yield, the trend of them was studied. This study indicated that the 1 000-kernels weight and grain yield of maize cultivars released extensively increased gradually in 20 years in recent twenty years of Shanxi. But the plant heigh, ear height, ratio of ear and plant height, barrenness rate, anthesis-silking interval and water content decreased gradually with the decades. The ear length, ear diameter, ear rows and kernels per row haven''t changed obviously.