连作对荞麦产量、土壤养分及酶活性的影响

在连续4年不施肥的定位试验基础上,采样分析了不同荞麦连作年限(2年、3年和4年)对土壤养分、酶活性和荞麦产量的影响。结果表明,随连作年限的增加,荞麦产量下降,且显著低于与豆科作物轮作下的荞麦产量;土壤氮、磷、钾含量均降低,磷和钾含量降低更明显,土壤p H提高;土壤碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性下降,脲酶活性先降后升,蔗糖酶活性总体上呈降低趋势。因此,为维持地力,提高荞麦产量,一要实行荞麦与芸豆等豆科作物轮作倒茬,二要施用一定的肥料。

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Buckwheat Yield, Soil Nutrient and Enzyme Activities

To study the effects of buckwheat continuous cropping on grain yields, soil nutrients, and enzyme activities, a series of field experiments according to different continuous cropping years (2 years, 3 years and 4 years) of buckwheat without fertilization were conducted in the north semi-arid region. The results showed that with the increase of the buckwheat continuous cropping year, the buckwheat yield decreased, and significantly lower than that of CK which rotated with legume crops, and the contents of N, P, and K in rhizosphere soils decreased, particularly the contents of P and K, but soil pH increased. The enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and catalase decreased, while that of urease decreased first and then elevated, that of sucrase decreased on the whole. In a word, to promote soil nutrients and achieve a high yield of buckwheat, it should rotate buckwheat with legume crops like kidney beans and apply fertilizers.