太湖地区桔小实蝇的生活习性

目的]为开展桔小实蝇检疫防控技术研究提供技术基础。方法]利用养虫室、养虫笼等设施,采用人工饲养和果实培养等方法建立和维持桔小实蝇种群并进行持续的室内生物学观察;在太湖东山地区建立隔离网室,配备温湿度记录装置,栽种各类寄主植物,每天观察桔小实蝇的生活习性。结果]通过实验室饲养观察,掌握了桔小实蝇成虫、幼虫、蛹和卵的生活习性;通过土壤深度对蛹羽化率影响的试验可知将土层深度加大到40cm仍有成虫出现,且羽化率为80%;通过室内趋向性试验,发现桔小实蝇对苏州地产水果的选择性从高到低排序为柑橘、枣、石榴、桃、橙、梨、柿子。而野外调查表明,果树品种根据桔小实蝇为害率从高到低排序为柑橘、枣、石榴、梨、柿子。在本地柑橘品种中,其为害率从高到低排序为洞庭蜜橘、早橘、温柑、黄皮、早红、料红。结论]建立了桔小实蝇人工饲养设施,为开展桔小实蝇生物学特性观察和生物学试验奠定了基础。

Life Habit of Orient Fruit Fly in Taihu Area

Objective]The aim was to supply technical base for developing quarantine and control techniques research on orient fruit fly.Method]By utilizing facilities including insectarium and insect-feeding cage,the population of orient fruit fly was established and sustained by using the methods of artificial feeding and fruit culture and the continuous indoor biological observation was carried out.The separated hyocaust equipped with temperature and humidity recorder was established in Dongshan area of Taihu for cultivating various species of host plants,then the life habit of orient fruit fly was observed everyday.Result]Through feeding and observation in lab,the life habit of adult,larva,pupa and egg of orient fruit fly was learnt;the experiment on the effect of soil depth on the eclosion frate of pupa indicated that when the soil layer depth was increased to 40 cm,there was still adult appeared and their eclosion rate was 80%;the indoor taxis experiment showed that the selectivity of orient fruit fly on ground fruit of Suzhou was oranges and tangerines > jujube > pomegranate > peach > orange > pear > persimmon.The wild investigation indicated that the damaging rates of orient fruit fly on fruit trees were oranges and tangerines > jujube > pomegranate > pear > persimmon.Among local oranges and tangerines cultivars,their damage rates were Dongting mandarin > early tangerine > Wen orange > Huangpi > Zaohong > Liaohong.Conclusion]The artificial feeding facility of orient fruit fly was established and a foundation was laid for developing biological characteristics observation and biological experiment.