城乡交错区蔬菜生态系统肥料利用率的模型模拟

GLEAMS是美国农业部开发的一个模拟农田氮磷循环的模型,主要用来评价农田管理措施的环境效益。本研究借助GLEAMS模型并基于几个典型施肥量的模型假设,模拟了南京市东郊小型蔬菜生态系统施肥量对作物养分元素吸收量的影响。结果表明,在研究区将有机肥的施入量因地而异的减少到现有施入量的45.2%～53.4%,并且将化肥的施入量减少到13.3%～96.9%,氮素吸收率可提高9.90～14.4个百分点,磷素吸收率可提高9.60～13.1个百分点。氮的淋溶量也减少到了原有量的26.5%～37.6%,同时每公顷蔬菜地可以节约施肥成本2080元～4400元。本模拟研究为提高蔬菜生产系统的经济效益和改善生态环境提供了重要的科学参考价值。

Modeling Research on Improving Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Vegetable Farming Systems in a Peri-urban Area

The GLEAMS model developed by scientists of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is mainly used to evaluate environmental effects of farming practices. Based on several scenarios, now the model is used to simulate the influence of reducing fertilization and irrigation to the N and P uptake ratio. Results show that when the organic fertilization was reduce to 45.2%-53.4% and the chemical fertilization to 13.3%-96.9%, the N and P uptake ratio increased by 9.9%-14.4% and 9.60%-13.1% separately, the N leaching decreased by 26.5%-37.6% and the cost of fertilization was saved by 2080-4400Yuan hm-2. The findings of the study may serve as a scientific basis for the exploration of optimal fertilization recommendation and ways to improve the eco-environment in the region.