几种农林废弃物热裂解制取生物油的研究

农林废弃物是我国农村能源的重要组成部分，对其高品位利用有助于解决农村能源短缺和环境污染问题。该文在流化床反应器上开展了农林废弃物热裂解制取生物油的试验研究，着重对升温速率的影响进行了详细研究，快速升温能有效缩短颗粒在低温阶段的停留时间而抑制炭的生成，有助于提高生物油的产率。比较不同农林废弃物热裂解制取生物油的效果表明：低灰分含量的木屑比稻秆更适合于热裂解制取生物油，而稻秆则适合于气化。同时，农林废弃物热裂解制取生物油技术在生物油的品质经过改性得到提升后，结合炭等副产品的利用，能实现农林废弃物的综合能源化利用。

Experimental study on bio-oil production from biomass of some agricultural and forestry residues

Residues from agricultural and forestry processing have special and important significance in Chinese rural energy structure. Appropriate exploration and utilization of residues will be helpful to solve the problems of rural energy shortage and environmental pollution. Research on fast pyrolysis of residues for bio-oil production was carried out on a laboratory-size fluidized bed reactor, especially on the effect of heating rate. Rapid heating of raw materials make solid particle pass charring zone at lower temperature more quickly to reduce char production, while improve bio-oil production. Furthermore, the influence of materials on pyrolysis were also investigated. Rice straw is more suitable for gasification, while wood has its advantage in bio-oil production. This is mainly because higher ash content in residues is disadvantageous to obtain high quality bio-oil production. Upgrading of bio-oil is necessary for its inferior property and complex composition. Combined with the utilization of by-products, residues from agricultural and forestry processing can be utilized as a clean energy source.