Invasion of Pontoscolex corethrurus (Glossoscolecidae,Oligochaeta) in landscapes of the Amazonian deforestation arc |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Université Pierre et Marie Curie and IRD, UMR BIOEMCO 211, Centre IRD Ile de France, 32 Av. Henri Varagnat, 93143 BONDY Cedex, France;2. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Apartado Aéreo 97 Pereira, Colombia;3. Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, n° 1901, CEP 66077-530, Terra Firme, Belém, Para, Brazil;4. UMR CNRS LETG 6554, Laboratory of Geography and Remote Sensing COSTEL, Université de Rennes 2, France;5. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), TSBF_LAC, ap aereo 6713 Cali, Colombia;6. Embrapa Florestas, Estrada da Ribeira, Km. 111, C.P. 319, Colombo-PR 83411-000, Brazil;7. ECODIV, Faculté des Sciences & des Techniques, Bâtiment IRESE A, Place Emile Blondel, Université de Rouen, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France;9. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia;1. UPMC Université Paris 06, iEES Paris, 32 Av. Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France;2. IRD, iEES Paris, Centre IRD Ile de France, 32 Av. Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France;3. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Av. Perimetral, n° 1901, CEP 66077-530, Terra Firme, Belém, Para, Brazil;4. Université de Montpellier, UMR 5175 CNRS CEFE, 1919, Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier 5, France;5. Université de Rennes 2, UMR CNRS LETG 6554, Laboratory of Geography and Remote Sensing COSTEL, France;6. EMBRAPA Florestas, Estrada da Ribeira, Km. 111, C.P. 319, Colombo, PR 83411-000, Brazil;7. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia (UFRA), 2501 Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, 66077-530 Bairro Montese, Belém, Pará, Brazil;8. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Apartado Aéreo 97, Pereira, Colombia;9. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia;10. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), TSBF_LAC, ap aereo 6713, Cali, Colombia;1. Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;2. Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán AC, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;3. Departamento de Estadística, CINVESTAV Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;1. Pos Graduate Ecology and Natural Resources, Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP: 60455-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;2. Researcher 1A CNPq, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, CEP: 50740-540, Mosoró, RN, Brazil;3. Universidade de Pernambuco – Departamento de Biologia, CEP: 56.328-900, Petrolina, PE, Brazil;4. Universidade de Pernambuco – PPGCTAS, CEP: 56.328-900, Petrolina, PE, Brazil;5. Professor of the Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano, IF-Sertão, Campus Ouricuri, Ouricuri, PE, Brazil;6. Embrapa Semiárido, CEP: 56302-970, Petrolina, PE, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Pontoscolex corethrurus (Glossoscolecidae, Oligochaeta) is an invasive endogeic earthworm that has colonized most land transformed by human activities in the humid tropics. When installed, populations can change soil physical properties, biogeochemical processes and microbial communities. The aim of this study was to determine whether P. corethrurus establishment is a result of (1) a competitive exclusion of native earthworm species or (2) the exploitation of a new niche created by anthropogenic disturbance that native earthworm species cannot use. We tested these hypotheses by doing a survey of earthworm communities in 270 sites that represented the diversity of land use systems encountered in two contrasted regions of the Amazonian arc of deforestation located in Brazil and Colombia respectively. When present in forests, P. corethrurus had no negative effect on the native species communities that had similar (epigeic species) or even higher densities (endogeic species) in the presence of the invasive species. These results suggest the absence of competitive exclusion.The first two axes of a PCA multivariate analysis of communities represented the densities of native species (axis 1) and P. corethrurus (axis 2) respectively. This suggests that respective densities of the two groups respond to different conditions and that their variations are independent. The density of P. corethrurus co-varied with soil N content and pH in Colombian sites while the densities of other species did not. Our results thus suggest that this invasive species, unlike native species, is able to feed and develop in environments where litter resources are decreased while soils have been enriched in C and nutrients by deforestation and burning. We discuss the reasons why some primary forests in Central America have large populations of P. corethrurus. |
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