Effects of four organic amendments on banana parasitic nematodes and soil nematode communities |
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| Institution: | 1. CIRAD, UR Systèmes de culture bananes, plantains et ananas, Station Neufchâteau, Sainte-Marie, 97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, France;2. SITA-VERDE, rue de Brissac, 97160 Le Moule, France;3. IRD, UMR ECO&SOLS, 2 place Viala, Bâtiment 12, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France;4. INRA/AgroParisTech, UMR211 Agronomie, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France;5. AgroParisTech, Département SIAFEE, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France;6. CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, Station de La Bretagne, BP 20, 97408 Saint-Denis Messagerie Cedex, France;1. Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa;2. Laboratory of Nematology, P.O. Box 8123, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Netherlands;3. Agricultural Research Council – Institute for Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Private Bag X11208, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa;1. Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences d’Agadir, Laboratoire LBVRN, BP 8106, 80000 Agadir, Morocco;2. CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France;3. INRA, CRRA, BP 513, Menara, Marrakech, Morocco;4. Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Campus d’Agadir, Département de Protection des Plantes, BP 18/S, 80000 Agadir, Morocco;5. Tishreen University, Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Protection Department, PO Box 2233. Latakia, Syrian Arab Republic;6. Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire LBMPV, BP 8106, 80000 Agadir, Morocco;1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, PR China;2. College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, PR China;3. Guangzhou Sugarcan Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, PR China;4. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, PR China;1. IRD, UMR CBGP (INRA/IRD/CIRAD/Montpellier SupAgro), 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS30016, 34988 Montferrier/Lez Cedex, France;2. Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00679 Warsaw, Poland;3. Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Campus d’Agadir, Département de Protection des Plantes, BP 18/S, 80000 Agadir, Morocco;4. Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des Sciences d’Agadir, Département de Biologie, Laboratoire Biotechnologie et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, BP 8106, 80000 Agadir, Morocco |
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| Abstract: | Plant–parasitic nematodes are injurious crop pests that have been managed mainly by chemical nematicides. However, safe and alternative methods such as those based on organic materials need to be developed. Our study has evaluated (i) the effects of four organic amendments with different biochemical compositions that are abundantly produced in the study area (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) on soil nematode communities and (ii) some of the suppression mechanisms of banana parasitic nematodes, especially those involving the soil food web. This study is based on a microcosm experiment comparing sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane sludge, plant residues and sewage sludge. All amendments except sewage sludge decreased the root abundances of plant–parasitic nematodes, by 96% in the case of sugarcane bagasse. For this treatment, soil densities of carnivorous nematodes were six times higher than the treatments without organic amendment. Plant residues and bagasse were mainly composed of materials that are difficult to decompose, namely cellulose and lignins. These organic materials favored a fungal decomposition pathway and permitted development of carnivorous nematode populations and increased the Channel Index (CI). Pratylenchus coffeae control after sugarcane refinery sludge application remains unexplained. Lastly, sewage sludge, composed mainly of easily degradable compounds, did not permit nematode control, and only bacterivorous nematode populations were enhanced by this treatment. |
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