再生水灌溉对作物及土壤安全性影响研究进展

中国水资源供需矛盾突出,农业灌溉用水尤为紧张,合理利用再生水进行农田灌溉是未来农业灌溉发展的趋势。再生水既是水源、肥源也是污染源,若使用不当会对作物和土壤造成负面影响。在对国内外相关资料进行分析的基础上,从作物生理生长、土壤理化性质、重金属污染、卫生学指标四个方面,对国内外再生水灌溉的研究现状进行了总结分析。研究发现,再生水灌溉研究主要存在三个方面的问题：国内大部分再生水灌溉试验周期短,缺乏长期观测；新型灌水技术和灌溉方式在再生水灌溉上的应用较少；关于再生水灌溉对土壤病原菌污染方面的研究较少。建议加强长期再生水灌溉试验、再生水灌溉下不同灌溉方式和灌水技术以及不同灌溉方式下再生水灌溉对土壤病原菌和重金属分布特征和累积规律的研究工作。

Effects of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Crop and Soil Security: Research Progress

The contradiction between the supply and demand of water resources in China is prominent, the irrigation water is tight, and the rational use of reclaimed water for irrigation is the trend of the development of agricultural irrigation in the future. The reclaimed water is water, fertilizer and pollution sources, improper use will cause a negative impact on crop and soil. The present situation of reclaimed water irrigation in China and abroad was summarized from four aspects of crop physiology and growth, soil physical and chemical properties, heavy metal pollution and hygiene index. The study found that there are three major problems on irrigation of reclaimed water: most of the domestic reclaimed water irrigation experimental period is short, long-term observation is destitute; application of new irrigation technique and irrigation method on reclaimed water irrigation is poor; the researches on soil contamination of pathogenic microbes caused by reclaimed water irrigation is less. Suggestions to strengthen long-term irrigation experiment works, strengthen the studies of different irrigation methods and irrigation techniques on reclaimed water irrigation, strengthen studies on the distribution characteristics and accumulation law of soil pathogenic microbes and heavy metals under different reclaimed water irrigation methods.