秸秆、生物菌肥和土壤调理剂施用对日光温室越冬茬番茄生长、坐果及果实品质的影响

通过大田试验,探讨秸秆、EM生物菌肥、土壤调理剂及其配施处理对日光温室越冬茬番茄生长、坐果及果实品质的影响。结果表明,秸秆、生物菌肥和土壤调节剂及其配施处理虽然对番茄生长无明显影响,但提高了番茄坐果率,其中“秸秆+EM+调理剂”配施处理明显提高了番茄第一至第四层花穗的坐果率,分别提高达24.07%、16.86%、15.34%和13.50%。试验各处理可不同程度的提高番茄的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度和蒸腾速率,其中“秸秆+EM+调理剂”配施处理的效应最大,其净光合速率最大值比对照增高15.64%。试验各处理均提高了番茄果实可溶性固形物、总酸、Vc、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量,其中 “秸秆+EM+调理剂”配施处理显著提高了可溶性固形物、总酸和可溶性蛋白含量。综上,秸秆、生物菌肥和土壤调理剂配施处理可在日光温室番茄生产中应用。

Application of Straw, Bio-bacterial Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner on Growth, Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality of Over-winter Tomato in Solar Greenhouse

The influence of corn straw,SEM bio-bacterial fertilizer, soil conditioner and their combination on the growth, fruit setting and fruit quality of over-winter tomato in solar greenhouse was studied using a field experiment. The result showed that all treatments had no obvious effect on growth, and positively increased the fruit rate of tomato. The fruit rate of the first to fourth cluster in ‘straw+EM +conditioner’ treatment was significantly increased, up to 24.07%, 24.07%, 16.86% and 24.07% respectively. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration in all treatments were also improved, and the effect of ‘straw+EM+conditioner’ treatment was most significant, the maximum net photosynthetic rate 15.64% higher than control. In addition, all treatments appeared fruit soluble solids, total acid (titratable acid), Vc, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents increased. The soluble solids, total acid and soluble protein contents in the ‘straw+EM+conditioner’ treatment was significantly increased. In summary, straw, bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil conditioner can be used in greenhouse tomato production.