猪粪有机肥配施化肥对潮土速效养分及团聚体分布的影响

集约化养殖产生大量的畜禽粪便而且无序排放产生,是造成农业面源污染的重要原因之一。开展畜禽粪便田间消纳后对土壤性质及肥力的影响是现阶段研究的热点问题。本研究在施用等量氮、磷、钾养分的条件下,通过连续两年的盆栽试验,研究了猪粪有机肥替代不同化学肥料后对潮土速效养分、团聚体组分及稳定性的影响。结果表明,施用猪粪有机肥增加了土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量,且随有机肥施用量的增加而增加,其中土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量比单施化肥处理(T1)分别提高了3.7% ~ 165.8%、11.6% ~ 197.7%和20.7% ~ 364.8%；与第一年相比,第二年各处理碱解氮含量下降2.8% ~ 48.9%,而速效磷、速效钾均有增加。施用猪粪有机肥处理土壤有机碳含量均高于单施化肥处理(T1),且随有机肥量的增加呈增加趋势,增加幅度达14.8% ~ 175.7%；有机肥处理第二年后土壤有机碳含量比第一年土壤有机碳含量增加3.9% ~ 96.9%。同时发现,潮土土壤团聚体以<0.25 mm的微团聚体为主；化肥配施猪粪有机肥处理增加了潮土>0.25 mm团聚体含量、团聚体MWD(平均重量直径)以及GWD(几何平均直径)和R_0.25值,且随其施用量的增加而增加。由此可见,施用猪粪有机肥有利于潮土速效养分、有机碳含量的增加,并促进大团聚体的形成和稳定。

Combined Application of Pig Manure Organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer Affecting Fluvo-aquic Soil Available Nutrients and Aggregate Distribution

Intensive farming produces a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and disorderly emissions, which is one of the important causes of agricultural non-point source pollution. To carry out the effects of livestock manure field disposition on soil properties and fertility is an important research field. Based on two years’ equal fertilizer input - pot experiment to investigate the effects of different fertilizer treatments (manure and chemical fertilizer combined application) on soil nutrients, aggregate fraction and stability in fluvo-aquic soil. The results showed that the available nutrient and organic carbon content of all application fertilizer treatments was higher than that of the control (CK), and it was increased with the application organic fertilizer amount increased. Compared with the only chemical fertilizer application ( T1 ) treatment, soil available N, available P and available K content of combined with pig manure treatment was increased by 3.7%~165.8%、11.6%~197.7%, 20.7%~364.8%, respectively. Compared with the first year experiment soil, the second year experiment soil available N was decreased by 2.8%~48.9%, but available P and available K content was increased. The soil organic carbon was increased by 14.8%~175.7% in all treatments with pig manure addition compared with T1. And the soil aggregates in fluvo-aquic soil were mainly composed of <0.25mm micro-aggregates. Pig manure organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer treatment increased >0.25 mm aggregates content, and the value of MWD, GMD and R0.25, and it increased with application pig manure application amount increased. So, application pig manure organic fertilizer advantageous to increase available nutrients and organic carbon content in fluvo-aquic soil, and promote the macro-aggregates formation and stability.