以核桃壳为主要基质的铁皮石斛栽培研究

以核桃壳为铁皮石斛栽培的主要基质，按不同比例混合松树皮和锯木屑，同时结合大棚最佳露苗时间的筛选，进行铁皮石斛栽培试验，以提高试管苗的移栽成活率，并解决目前铁皮石斛栽培中基质成本过高、传统基质资源枯竭等问题。设计L9(34)正交试验，将核桃壳作为基本基质，以不同比例松树皮、锯木屑及铁皮石斛生根瓶苗大棚露苗时间为因素，探究铁皮石斛栽培中较适宜的大棚露苗时间及核桃壳作为主要基质的可行性。研究结果表明，露苗时间对铁皮石斛炼苗成活率有显著影响；在单基质中，对瓶苗成活率而言，锯木屑最高，核桃壳和松树皮次之；对于生长势而言，松树皮略高于核桃壳，两者均显著高于锯木屑。正交试验结果显示，最佳露苗时间为14 天，适宜的混合基质配比为核桃壳60%、松树皮30%、锯木屑10%。综上所述，混合基质以核桃壳为基本基质栽种铁皮石斛是可行的，结果为云南大理漾濞地区丰富的核桃壳资源利用提供了新途径，同时，也为大理漾濞地区铁皮石斛的规模化栽培提 供试验依据。

Cultivation of Dendrobium officinale Using Walnut Shell as the Main Growth Media

Objective]In the study, the walnut shell were selected as the basic growth media and mixtures of pine bark and sawdust at a certain ratio, for an aim to resolve the problem such as the high cost of growth media and the deficient of the traditional growth media of D. officinale. Meanwhile, the study screened the best transplanting time after moved the root seedlings from theSlaboratory to the Greenhouse to improve theStransplantation survival rate. Methods]To explore the best time for acclimatization and the feasibility of walnut shell as basic growth media of D. officinale, the walnut shell were selected as the basic growth media and used the main factors, including the different addition ratio of mixtures of pine bark and sawdust and the acclimatization time, toSdesign the L9(3)4 orthogonal experiment. Results]The results showed that the periods for acclimatization of the seedlings have aSsignificantSimpactSonStransplantation survival rate; In the different sole growth media, the transplantation survival rate was higher in sawdust media than in the walnut shell and Pine bark media; but the seedlings grew better in Pine bark media than in walnut shell and both of them grew significantly better than in sawdust media. ThroughSorthogonal design, the result showed that moved the root seedlings from theSlaboratory to the Greenhouse about 14days were the best acclimatizationStime, and the mixtures of walnut shell, Pine bark and sawdust media at the ratio of 60%, 30% and 10% demonstrated the best growth of the seedlings. Conclusion]The study indicated that it is feasible to cultivate D. officinale with mixed substrate based on walnut shell. This study provided a new utilization approach of the abundant walnut shell resources in Dali as well as a scientificSbasis for growing D. officinale in a large scale.