生长素调节植物生长发育的研究进展

为了了解生长素对植物不同器官的影响及调控作用,本研究总结了近年来生长素在植物根、茎、叶、花、果实和种子生长发育方面的研究进展。主要包括:生长素可以促进植物侧根和不定根的发生及生长;促进细胞分裂、伸展和分化进而促进植物茎的伸长;促进花芽萌发及影响花的形态建成和衰老;促进果实的发育和单性结实,影响果实增大和果实成熟;促进光合产物的积累,影响种子胚的形成等。除此之外还对生长素运输的生理特点、运输机制和信号转导机制等进行了梳理,了解了生长素在植物体内的调节作用主要表现在顶端优势、组织分化、器官形成、向性反应、形态建成等方面。同时还提出了生长素在网络信号调控和各器官量的分配方面研究的不足,以期为日后进一步研究提供参考。

Auxin Regulating Plant Growth and Development: Research Progress

In order to understand the effect and regulatory role of auxin on different organs of plants, this paper summarizes the research progress of auxin in the growth and development of plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds in recent years. It mainly included: auxin can promote the germination and growth of lateral roots and adventitious roots of plants; promote cell division, extension and differentiation to promote the elongation of plant stems; promote flower bud germination and affect the morphogenesis and senescence of flowers; promote fruit development and parthenocarpy; and affect fruit enlargement and fruit ripening; promote the accumulation of photosynthetic product and affect the formation of seed embryos. In addition, the physiological characteristics, transport mechanisms, and signal transduction mechanisms of auxin transport were also reviewed. It was learned that the auxin''s regulatory effects in plants were mainly manifested in apical dominance, tissue differentiation, organ formation, tropic reaction, morphogenesis and other aspects. At the same time, the deficiencies of auxin in the regulation of network signals and the allocation of various organs were also proposed, in order to provide reference for further research.