海藻肥对紫油菜生长与品质的影响

笔者以紫油菜为材料，研究海藻肥的不同浓度配比施用量对紫油菜的形态指标和生理指标的影响。通过施用不同浓度海藻肥溶液（400、800、1200、1600、2000、2400 倍），测定其形态指标（包括株高、叶片数、叶长、叶宽以及鲜重和干重等）和生理指标（包括叶绿素、花青素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C和硝态氮含量等）。结果表明：施用海藻肥有利于增加紫油菜的生物量，施用T3（1200 倍）的处理效果最好，其鲜重相当于对照的1.5 倍，根冠比优于其他处理和对照；较低浓度的海藻肥处理有利于增加株高，其中施用T4（1600 倍）处理后的紫油菜株高相当于对照的1.3 倍。T3、T4 处理下，紫油菜的含水量、花青素含量、可溶性蛋白、维生素C等指标最高；T4（1600 倍）~T6（2400 倍）处理下的叶绿素含量最高；各处理的硝态氮含量均小于1000 mg/kg，T6（2400 倍）处理下的硝态氮含量最低，且随着稀释倍数的上升硝态氮的含量随之降低。海藻肥施用浓度为1200~1600倍时最适合紫油菜的栽培，综合品质最佳。

Effect of Seaweed Fertilizer on Growth and Quality of Purple Rape

Purple rape was used to study the effect of seaweed fertilizer on the morphological and physiological indexes. By applying different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer solution (400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 and 2400 times), the authors determined the morphological indexes (plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight) and physiological indexes (chlorophyll, anthocyanin, soluble sugar, soluble protein, Vc and nitric nitrogen content) of purple rape. The results showed that the seaweed fertilizer was helpful in increasing the biomass of purple rape, and the highest biomass was observed in T3 (1200 times), under which the fresh weight was 1.5 times higher than that of control, and the root/shoot ratio was better than that of other treatments. Lower concentrations of seaweed fertilizer could increase plant height, and the plant height of T4 (1600 times) was 1.3 times higher than that of control. The values of water content, anthocyanin content, soluble protein content and Vc of T3 and T4 were the highest; the chlorophyll content of T4 (1600 times)- T6 (2400 times) was the highest. The nitrate nitrogen content was less than 1000 mg/kg in alltreatments, and T6 had the lowest nitrate nitrogen content, and it decreased with the increase of dilution ratio of the fertilizer. The best quality of purple rape was observed in the dilution ratio of 1200-1600 times of seaweed fertilizer.