掌叶覆盆子离体培养适宜外植体的筛选及脱分化条件研究

以安徽地区掌叶覆盆子（Rubus chingii Hu）为试验材料，MS培养基为基本的培养基，研究了在不同外植体和不同植物生长调节剂水平下对其愈伤形成率的影响和不同因素的抗氧化试验对其污染率与褐化率的影响，筛选出能稳定形成健康的愈伤组织的培养条件。结果表明，最适合掌叶覆盆子愈伤组织形成的外植体为腋芽；最佳外植体的表面灭菌条件为75 %乙醇溶液处理30 s和0.1 %HgCl₂溶液处理8 min；最优掌叶覆盆子愈伤形成的培养基为MS + 5.0 g·L ^-1 PVP + 0.5 mg·L ^-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L ^-1 NAA + 0.5 mg·L ^-1 GA₃ + 25 g·L ^-1蔗糖 + 6.0 g·L ^-1琼脂；最适合暗培养时间为7 d；最适合的抗氧化剂为PVP。在上述条件下，掌叶覆盆子的愈伤组织形成率为96.67%，且能基本抑制外植体的褐化现象。该研究结果为掌叶覆盆子的种苗快繁及后期开展覆盆子次生物质代谢途径的研究提供了材料基础。

Study on the selection of suitable explants and dedifferentiation conditions for in vitro culture of Rubs chingii Hu

In order to screen out suitable conditions for cultivating healthy callus, we studied the effects of different explants and plant growth regulators levels on the callus formation rate, different antioxidants on bacterial infection rate and browning rate by using Rubus chingii Hu from Anhui Province as the experimental material and MS medium as the basal medium. The results showed that: the most suitable explant for the callus formation of R. chingii was axillary bud; the most effective treatment for the explant disinfection was using 75% ethanol solution for 30 s and 0.1% HgCl₂ for 8 min; the most suitable medium for callus formation of R. chingii was MS + 5.0 g·L^-1 PVP + 0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA + 0.5 mg·L^-1 GA₃ + 25 g·L^-1 sucrose + 6.0 g·L^-1 agar; the most suitable dark culture time was 7 days, and the optimal medium for addition antioxidant was PVP. Under the above conditions, the callus formation rate of R. chingii could reach 96.67%, and the browning phenomenon could be basically inhibited in the callus formation stage. This study would provide a rapid propagation of R. chingii seedlings for further researching the metabolic pathway of functional components of R. chingii in the later stage.