季节性冻土区不同冻结状态对土壤水热变化特征研究

以南疆季节性冻土地区为研究背景,设置冻融期自然裸地土壤和温棚土壤两种处理,对比分析两处理下土壤水热的监测数据,结果发现：温棚具有保温作用能减少热量散失,季节性影响不明显,土壤水热空间分布变化小,表层土受蒸发作用以及土壤入渗影响水热较低。自然裸地中土壤水热迁移规律受冻融条件(土壤冻结状态、气温等)影响较大,土壤水热存在影响与制约关系。冻结前浅层水热较小随土深递增且变幅明显,深层土对太阳辐射影响明显滞后,水热波动小易保持温度且相对较高。冻结期水热均值为最低值,土壤水分高值区整体向下移动15cm左右,冻土层水分蒸发小可积蓄水量,土壤冻结锋面随地表负温的降低向下迁移,同时水分带动下层土壤盐分向冻结层迁移。消融期土壤温度随土深减小,土壤表层水分下渗同时受蒸发作用大量散失仅为8.2%,水分高值区集中于30～70 cm且为冻融期最大。土壤含水率的增加抑制了土壤温度的提升,土壤冻结速率慢时间长,融化速率快融化时间短。该文可为季节性冻土地区土壤冻融规律及春季保墒提供的理论依据。

Research on the change characteristics of soil water-heat under different frozen states in seasonal frozen soil region

. Taking the seasonal frozen soil region in South Xinjiang as research background, two kinds of soil treatments (natural bare soil and greenhouse soil) were set up during the freezing and thawing period. The monitoring data of soil water-heat under the two treatments were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: the greenhouse had the function of heat preservation, which could reduce the heat loss, With the increase of soil depth, the water and heat of topsoil are lower under the influence of evaporation and infiltration. The law of soil water-heat transfer in the natural bare soil was greatly affected by the freezing and thawing conditions (soil frozen state, temperature, etc.), and there was the affected and restricted relationship between soil water and heat. Before