黑水虻堆肥促畜禽粪便分解的研究进展

随着畜禽养殖业的发展，粪便越来越多，传统的处理方法不能高效地处理大批量的畜禽粪便。黑水虻堆肥是一种处理畜禽粪便的新型环保方法，能快速降低粪便中的有害物质水平、气味排放水平并减少畜禽粪便的干物质。目前国内外对黑水虻堆肥处理粪便的研究较多，但大多是以增加黑水虻幼虫生物量为主，以分解粪便为目的研究较少。介绍了畜禽粪便的特点以及传统畜禽粪便的方法，从控制黑水虻幼虫接种量、根据粪便类型调整粪便用量、黑水虻与细菌共转化粪便、调控粪便处理环境条件 4 个方面归纳利用黑水虻堆肥促畜禽粪便分解的方法，以期为生产实际畜禽粪便的处理提供参考依据。

Research Progress in Composting with Black Soldier Fly to Promote the Decomposition of Livestock and Poultry Manure

With the development of livestock and poultry industry, a large amount of manure has been produced, but the traditional methods of excrement treatment can not effectively deposit a large number of livestock and poultry manure. Composting with black soldier fly is a new environmental protection method for the processing of livestock and poultry manure, which can quickly reduce the level of harmful substances in the manure, the level of odor emissions and the dry matter of livestock and poultry manure. At present, there are many researches on composting treatment with black soldier fly at home and abroad, but more attention is paid to increasing the biomass of black soldier fly larvae, and less to the purpose of decomposing manure. The characteristics of livestock manure and the traditional treatment methods of livestock and poultry manure were introduced, and the methods of promoting the decomposition of livestock and poultry manure by composting with black soldier fly were summarized from the following four aspects: controlling the inoculation amount of black soldier fly larvae, adjusting the manure using amounts according to the types of different manure, co-converting manure with black soldier fly and bacteria and regulating the environmental conditions of manure treatment with a view to provide references for the livestock and poultry manure treatment in actual production.