盐度胁迫对遮目鱼幼鱼存活、生长及性状相关性的影响 |
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引用本文: | 林先智,区又君,李加儿,温久福,王鹏飞.盐度胁迫对遮目鱼幼鱼存活、生长及性状相关性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(4):675-686. |
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作者姓名: | 林先智 区又君 李加儿 温久福 王鹏飞 |
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作者单位: | 1. 中国水产科学研究院 南海水产研究所, 农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 广东 广州 510300; 2. 上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院, 上海 201306 |
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基金项目: | 广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A201200E02). |
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摘 要: | 设置盐度梯度为0、10、20、27(自然海水)、35,共5个实验组,每组3个平行。遮目鱼(Chanos chanos)幼鱼不经过过渡直接放入各梯度盐度中,养殖30 d后统计存活率,测量每尾鱼的体质量及各表型形态性状,以体质量为因变量(y),各形态性状为自变量(x)进行通径分析和决定系数分析。结果表明,盐度0组的幼鱼存活率最低(73.33%),增重率(573.94±231.58)%和特定生长率(6.23±1.16)%最高,与其他组差异极显著(P0.01)。除盐度0组外,其他各组幼鱼的存活率均在90%以上,且幼鱼特定生长率和增重率在各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。相关分析表明,幼鱼的各形态性状与其体重之间呈极显著的相关关系(P0.01)。通径分析表明,遮目鱼幼鱼的体长、全长和体高对体重的影响最大,且在不同盐度胁迫下对幼鱼体重的决定作用不同,其他性状对体重的影响较小。建立了盐度胁迫下形态性状对体重影响的最优回归方程。
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关 键 词: | 遮目鱼 盐度 胁迫 生长 性状相关 |
修稿时间: | 2015/7/28 0:00:00 |
Effects of salinity stress on the survival, growth and correlation of characters of juveniles of Chanos chanos |
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Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; 2. College of Fisheries and Life Scienc |
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Abstract: | The growth and development
of teleost were more or less directly affected by the environmental factors. Salinity
is one of the important ecological factors. The influence of salinity on the
survival and growth of marine fish has been demonstrated in many studies.
However, distinct results were displayed due to the different abilities of tolerance
to salinity among fish species. The milkfish (Chanos), which has a nice
marine habitat and an efficient osmoregulation, is widely distributed
throughout tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific. This species occurs naturally
and is commercially cultured in fresh, brackish, and oceanic waters as well as
in hypersaline lagoons. In the present
study, the influences of salinity stress on the survival and growth of milkfish
juveniles were assessed and the effects of morphometric attributes on body weight
were also evaluated. Juveniles of milkfish mean weight and total length: 0.215±0.083g;
2.850±0.356cm,
respectively] were reared at 0 (fresh water), 10, 20,
27 (sea water) and 35 without acclimation, in
triplicate, for 30 d cultivation. The survival rate
was recorded and the body weight and morphometric attributes of each individual
were measured. Results showed, the lowest survival rate was founded at salinity
0 group (73.33%) when compared with other groups
(>90%).
The juvenile stage is a special stage during the life history of fish, the
juvenile developed not as well as the adults, and cannot adapt to the
short-term drastic changes of external osmolality, which may be one of the
reasons of the high mortality rate at salinity 0 group. On the other hand, however,
the highest rates of weight gain rate (573.94±231.58)% and
specific-growth rate (6.23% were obtained at salinity 0 group (P<0.01). Meanwhile, there
was no significantly difference among other groups (>0.05). The higher weight gain rate and specific-growth rate
were also found in the intermediary groups with salinity 20 and 27. It has been
suggested that the marine fish often has a better growth rate in water with
lower salinity for the reason of fish spending less energy on osmoregulation in
such conditions. Although it has not been reported that milkfish require a
fresh water environment for any part of its life cycle, it did showed well
growth performance at fresh water in many studies. Furthermore, recent studies
indicated that the true proportion of energetic cost of osmoregulation remains
under debate as thought before. The total length (x5),
postorbital length of head (x8), caudal
peduncle height () were measured
by QCapture Pro 6.0 software after the cultivation. The correlation analysis,
path analysis and determination coefficients were calculated by SPSS 13.0
software. Significant differences (P<0.01)
were found in all correlation coefficients between each morphometric attributes
and the weight. The results of path analysis showed that the traits which had
the strongest effect on body weight were total length, body length and body
height, and the direct effects of morphometric attributes on body weight were
different at salinity stress. The analysis of determinant coefficients revealed
that the determinant coefficient of body length was the largest (0.94930)
in the salinity 0 group. For salinity 10 group, the determinant coefficients of
total length and body height were larger compared with other traits, among
which total length had a predominant determinative effect (0.33841).
For salinity 20 group, the determinant coefficients of total length, body
length, and body height were larger, among which body length had a predominant
determinative effect (12.15845).
For salinity 27 group, the determinant coefficient of total length was the
largest (=0.89838).
For salinity 35 group, the determinant coefficients of body length, eye
diameter, snout length, and body height were larger, among which body length
had a predominant determinative effect (0.32091).
In addition, the best multiple linear regression equations were established at
salinity stress, which will be helpful to the cultivation of milkfish. |
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Keywords: | Chanos chanos salinity stress growth correlation of characters |
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