浙江天台山七子花林土壤动物群落结构特征与动态变化

2000年4月至2001年4月逐月对浙江天台山七子花林土壤动物群落特征进行调查研究,初步分析凋落物、季节、海拔等因素对土壤动物群落结构的影响。结果表明:(1)蜱螨目(57.06%)和弹尾目(21.21%)为七子花林的优势类群,膜翅目(4.72%)、双翅目(3.65%)、综合纲(2.74%)、寡毛纲(2.68%)和鞘翅目(2.57%)为常见类群。(2)七子花林各样地土壤动物的个体数量在5月份和11月份都表现为峰值,在7月份至8月份的干热期个体数量明显下降。(3)处于中海拔地区(780m)呈共优群落的七子花林样地土壤动物的密度最大、类群数最多、多样性指数最高。(4)各样地土壤动物在土层中的垂直分布表现出明显表聚性特点,然而,在7月份至8月份的干热期,出现底层土壤动物个体数量多于表层的逆分布现象。

Structural characteristics and its dynamics of soil fauna community in heptacodium miconioides woodland in Tiantai Mountain of Zhejiang

Characteristics of soil fauna communities in Heptacodium miconioides woodland (Hmw) in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang were investigated monthly from April 2000 to April 2001, to study influences of litters, season, altitude, and some other factors on structure of soil fauna community. Results show 1) Acarina and Collembola were the dominant groups in Hmw accounting for 57.06% and 21.21%, respectively, while Hymenoptera, Diptera, Symphyla, Oligochaeta and Coleoptera were the common groups, accounting for 4.72%, 3.65%, 2.74%, 2.68% and 2.57%, respectively. 2) The number of individuals of soil fauna peaked in May and November, while it declined distinctly during the xerothermic period (from July to August) in the three plots of Hmw. 3) The soil fauna of Plot P2, which is located in an area moderate in altitude, and showed co-dominancy in community, was the highest in density, number of groups and diversity index among the three plots of Hmw. 4) The vertical distribution of soil fauna showed a distinct characteristic of surface accumulation in the three plots, however, the number of individuals of soil fauna in the deep layer more than surface layer during the xerothermic period (from July to August).