氨基酸肥料对花椰菜的产量和品质效应的影响研究

为明确氨基酸营养对田间花椰菜的应用效果,通过田间试验方法研究,设置了不施肥(CK0),单施化肥(CK)以及施用化肥基础上不同氨基酸用量(30 L/hm2,60 L/hm2,90 L/hm2和120 L/hm2)对花椰菜生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,淋施氨基酸能够促进花椰菜生长,提高产量和改善品质。至收获期,在单施化肥的基础上增施氨基酸花椰菜株高、茎粗、开展度、叶绿素SPAD以及叶片数方面分别增加2.65%～11.42%、7.45%～12.01%、9.95%～15.53%、3.90%～4.98%和7.50%～11.50%。理论上增施肥氨基酸花椰菜产量和生物量可分别增加21.75%和15.03%,本研究实际分别增加10.92%～25.72%和10.09%～14.76%；维生素C和可溶性糖含量分别提高1.13%～4.51%和8.99%～16.40%,而且能够降低硝酸盐含量6.21%～23.51%。

Effects of Amino Acids Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Broccoli

This study aims to investigate the effects of amino acids nutrition on broccoli. A field experiment with six treatments including no fertilizer (CK0), chemical fertilizer only (CK) and different level amino acids fluid (30 L/hm2,60 L/hm2,90 L/hm2 and 120 L/hm2) application on the base of chemical fertilizer were conducted to evaluate the effects of different fertilizer treatment on the growth, yield and quality of broccoli. The result showed that the application of amino acids could promote the growth of broccoli, increase the yield and improve the quality. At the harvest time, compared to CK (chemical fertilizer only), additional fertilizer of amino acids on broccoli, the plant height, stem diameter, plant width, SPAD and leaf number were increased by 2.65% ~ 11.42%, 7.45% ~ 12.01%, 9.95% ~ 15.53%, 3.90% ~ 4.98% and 7.50% ~ 11.50%, respectively. Theoretically, the yield and biomass could increase by 21.75% and 15.03%, respectively. In present study, the yield and biomass increase by 10.92% ~ 25.72% and 10.09%~ 14.76%, respectively. The vitamin C and soluble sugar content increased by 1.13% ~ 4.51% and 8.99% ~ 16.40%, respectively, and the nitrate content of broccoli was decreased by 6.21%～23.51%.