AM真菌对植物防御性蛋白的影响

丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM)真菌是一类普遍的内生菌根真菌，能够与大多数陆生植物的根系形成共生菌根。大量的研究表明，AM真菌能够通过诱导植物体产生一些防御性蛋白，并且提高植物叶片及根系的抗氧化酶活力来增强植物的抗逆性、抗病性，与此同时也能促进植株生长，调节菌根根际土壤的理化环境和营养环境。为了系统了解AM真菌在农业生产上提高植物抗病性、抗逆性和促进植物生长发育的机制，本文归纳了近年来国内外关于AM真菌与植物共生能够促使植物产生防御性蛋白[如可溶性蛋白、病程相关蛋白（Pathogenesis related protein，PR-蛋白）]的机理及其提高防御酶活性等的最新研究进展，并分别概述了在生物胁迫、非生物胁迫和自然生长三种环境下，植物体的相关防御性蛋白和防御性酶活力受AM真菌的影响状况。最后指出AM真菌-根系共生蛋白在农业生产应用中的发展前景并对其进行了展望。

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on Plant Defensive Proteins: Research Progress

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a class of common endophytic mycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic mycorrhizal roots with the roots of most terrestrial plants. In order to systematically understand the mechanism of AM fungi to improve plant disease resistance, stress resistance and plant growth and development in agricultural production, in this paper, the mechanism that AM fungi symbiosis with plants can promote plants to produce defensive proteins [such as soluble protein and pathogenesis related proteins (Pathogenesis related protein, PR- protein)] and enhance defense enzyme activity has been concluded. The effects of AM fungi on the defensive proteins and defensive enzyme activities of plants under biotic stress, abiotic stress and natural growth are summarized, respectively. Finally, the development prospect of AM fungiroot symbiotic protein in agricultural production is pointed out and discussed.