土石混合堆积体坡面土壤侵蚀研究进展

土石混合堆积体是一种堆弃物,因其特殊的物质组成与结构,受到雨水冲刷极易发生次生灾害,近年来越来越多的学者关注其坡面土壤侵蚀问题,但研究尚无完整的理论与方法,整体处于初步探索阶段;综述了土石混合堆积体坡面特性、入渗过程、水流水动力学特征及产流产沙特征等研究现状;提出在未来的研究中,可借鉴元素示踪等研究方法深入探讨土石混合堆积体内部水分运移规律,从物质来源、类型及研究方法等方面完善研究其坡面水流水动力学特性,注重探讨堆置形态、原地貌形态以及砾石的分布状况等对其坡面及地下土壤侵蚀的影响,着重研究降雨及径流共同作用下的坡面及地下侵蚀规律,进一步探究其不同治理措施的减水减沙效益,构建适宜各类型土石混合堆积体土壤侵蚀预报模型,为生态防护体系的构建及区域经济可持续发展奠定基础。

Research Progress on Soil Erosion on the Slope Surface of Soil-Rock Mixed Engineering Accumulation

Soil-rock mixed engineering accumulation is a kind of dump, and secondary disaster caused by rain water is easy to occur because of its special material composition and structure. In recent years, more and more scholars have paid attention to the problem of slope soil erosion of it. However, there is no complete theory and method in the study, and the whole research is in the preliminary exploratory stage. In this paper, the research status of infiltration process, runoff hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment yield of the slope surface of soil-rock mixed engineering accumulation are reviewed. It is proposed that in the future''s research, the method of element tracer can be used to explore the law of water migration in the soil-rock mixed engineering accumulation, and improve the research of water flow dynamics characteristics of the slope from the material sources, types and research methods, and pay attention to the discussion of the heap shape, the original appearance and the distribution of the gravel, as well as the influence of them on the erosion of slope soil and underground soil, meanwhile the erosion law of slope soil and underground soil under the combined action of rainfall and runoff should be emphasized, and this will be benefit to explore the water and sediment reduction effect of different control measures. Soil erosion prediction model suitable for all types of soil-rock mixed engineering accumulation should be constructed, which is the foundation of constructing ecological protection system and sustainable development of regional economy.