不同棱型大麦品种混种增产效果初探

为了探索不同棱型大麦品种混种的增产机理及效果,以保山市大面积推广的多棱品种保大麦14号、二棱品种82-1为材料,设5个处理,进行单种和混种比较试验,结果表明,混种能充分利用空间、利用光能,从而提高产量,产量比单种二棱矮秆品种增加139.5～719㎏/hm2,比单种多棱高秆品种增40.5～720㎏/hm2；产量构成因素中,有效穗与单种二棱品种(单种中有效穗最多)相近,穗实粒数比单种二棱矮秆品种增7.8～10.7粒,千粒重比单种多棱高秆品种增1.2～5.5g,同时,混种还能减轻倒伏；二棱品种82-1与多棱品种保大麦14号混种基本苗最佳比例为6:4(折合种子重量≈7:3)。

Yield-increasing Effect by Mixed Sowing of Different Prismatic Barley Varieties

To explore the mechanism and effect of yield increase by mixed sowing of different prismatic barley varieties, multi prismatic variety‘Baodamai 14’and double prismatic variety‘82- 1’which have been promoted in large areas of Baoshan City, are used as materials. 5 treatments are set up with single sowing and mixed sowing. The results showed that mixed sowing sufficiently utilized the space and light energy to increase the yield, the yield of mixed sowing increased by 139.5-719 kg/hm2 compared with the single sowing of double prismatic variety, and increased by 40.5-720 kg/hm2 compared with single sowing of multi prismatic variety. In yield components, the effective spikes of mixed sowing were similar with that of the single sowing of double prismatic variety (the maximum effective spikes appeared in the single sowing). The actual grain number of spikes increased by 7.8-10.7 compared with the single sowing of double prismatic variety. 1000-grain weight increased by 1.2-5.5 g compared with single sowing of multi prismatic variety. Moreover, mixed sowing could reduce lodging. The best ratio of basic seedlings with mixed sowing (double prismatic variety‘82-1’and multi prismatic variety‘Baodamai 14’) was 6:4 (convert into seed weight≈7:3).