Experimental airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Bordetella bronchiseptica

Experiments were designed to determine if porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or Bordetella bronchiseptica could be transmitted through indirect airborne contact. Three principal pigs were infected with PRRSV, B. bronchiseptica or both. Five days after the principal pigs were challenged, the three principal pigs and one direct-contact pig were placed into one isolation tent together, and three indirect-contact pigs were placed into another isolation tent which received its air supply from the first isolation tent. Airborne transmission of B. bronchiseptica occurred in 5/5 trials where B. bronchiseptica was the only agent used, and in 3/5 trials where the principal pigs were coinfected with both agents. Airborne transmission of PRRSV occurred in 4/5 trials where PRRSV was the only agent used, and in 2/5 trials where the principal pigs were coinfected with both agents. Thus, airborne transmission of both agents over short distances, such as within a barn, is probable.