草地植物入侵的预防和控制

外来植物入侵属于生物入侵的范畴,对生态、环境和生物多样性具有破坏性影响。植物入侵的途径很多,但有意引进是最主要途径。本文阐述了国外一些地方由于植物入侵所造成的损失和教训。重点介绍了我国植物入侵的形势及主要有害外来植物种类、来源、入侵途径、分布范围及危害程度,并根据国际、国内目前应对植物入侵的作法和未来趋势,提出了预防和控制植物入侵的办法和措施。认为预防和控制植物入侵是草地保护的一项重要任务。

Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Plants in Rangelands

The concept of invasive alien plants(IAP) that belongs to invasive alien species.The negative impacts on ecosystems,environment and biodiversity caused by the IAP were briefly discussed.Several pathways of alien plant invasions were analyzed,and the human active introduction was the main way.Some damage and economic loss examples related to rangeland IAP in different countries were listed to illustrate the reasons and lesson.The common IAP in China,their foreign origin,invasion pathways,distribution ranges,and damages were explained.According to the effective methods for controlling IAP around the world and developing trends,some actions for preventing and controlling IAP in rangelands were suggested.It was considered that prevention and control of IAP are the most important responsibilities for rangeland protection.