土地整理对生态系统服务影响的评价研究进展

土地整理是实现土地资源集约利用,提高土地生产力和利用率的重要途径。土地整理所带来的生态效应受到越来越多的关注,从生态系统服务的角度切入评价其服务的变化是土地整理研究的发展趋势。本文通过介绍不同土地整理工程类型、特点及其产生的生态效应,论述土地整理对不同生态系统服务功能的影响,并结合当前生态系统服务价值理论的研究进展,从能值分析、物质量评价和价值量评价3个角度评价生态系统服务功能,并对比三者的异同点及其相关指标体系。同时,结合不同土地整理案例总结了不同生态系统服务计算方法在土地整理项目中的应用效果。通过介绍生态评价在土地整理生态系统服务中的重要性和景观生态设计在土地整理中的应用,指出了我国目前土地整理的生态系统服务价值研究中存在的问题及其未来发展趋势。

Research progress on the effects of land consolidation on ecosystem services

Land consolidation has been a vital process of realizing the intensive use of land resources and improving land productivity and utilization rate. Regional economic output and level of protection have been improved through land consolidation. However, land consolidation has also influenced regional ecological environment. With growing attention to the ecological effects of land consolidation, evaluation of ecological benefits of land consolidation has gained significant momentum in recent years. In this paper, we analyzed the economic valuation models of the ecological benefits of regional land consolidation based on the theories of ecosystem services value. Then in view of different land consolidation projects, the features and ecological effects of the projects were discussed and the influences of land consolidation on different ecosystem services highlighted. Energy analysis of current research progress and ecosystem services were compared with material and value assessment methods for different land consolidation projects. Furthermore, different quantitative methods corresponding to the land consolidation projects were discussed and their strengths and weaknesses analyzed. Meanwhile, the paper showed the application of the assessment methods in land consolidation along with different cases of land consolidation projects. Based on the introduction of the importance of ecological assessment and the application of landscape ecological design in land consolidation, we put forward the problems of ecosystem services valuation in the present land consolidation systems and the future development trends.