双孢蘑菇菌渣堆肥及其肥效的研究

为了促进农业废弃物资源的循环利用，以双孢蘑菇菌渣为研究对象，通过菌渣堆肥中添加发酵剂或鸡粪的处理，分析了堆肥过程中各个时期不同处理的温度、pH值、EC值、全氮、全磷和全钾的变化趋势，并用腐熟后的堆肥菌渣进行了水稻肥效试验。结果表明，双孢蘑菇菌渣堆制过程中加入发酵菌剂可快速提高堆体温度，与未加发酵菌剂的堆肥处理A相比，在堆肥中加入发酵菌剂后，堆肥中全氮、全钾和速效钾的含量增加量分别为处理A的3倍、1．43倍和2．67倍；菌渣堆肥结束后，处理A，处理B和处理C速效磷含量分别比发酵前增加了54．5％、38．5％和58．3％。菌渣肥水稻田间试验表明，双孢蘑菇菌渣有机肥能够促进水稻增产，菌渣堆肥增产效果优于不发酵菌渣，而加于菌剂处理的堆肥增产效果最佳，按400kg·667m-2。施肥，水稻空瘪粒数少，穗粒饱满，水稻单产553．37kg·667m-2，与当地常规施肥方式相比较增产20．55％，与不施肥处理相比较增产44．18％。

Agaricus bisporus Residue Compost and Its Fertilizer Efficiency

The present study was designed to promote cyclic utilization of agricultural waste resources by taking A garicus bisporus residues as investigated subject. By adding microbial inoculant or chicken manures into the Agaricus bizporus residue compost, the change trends of temperature, pH value, EC value, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium at different periods in the compost preparation and in different treatments were analyzed. The performance of the residue compost on paddy rice were studied as well. The result showed that the addition of microbial i noculant during the preparation of Agaric us bisporus residues compost could rapidly increase the compost temperature. Compared with the treatment A, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available potassium in the compost added with the microbial inoculant increased by 3, 1.43 times and 2.67 times, respectively. After eomposting, the content of available phosphorus in the treatment A, treatment B and treatment C increased by 54.5%, 38.5% and 58.3% respectively. The field experiment of the residue compost on paddy rice indicated that organic fertilizer ofAgaricus bisporus residues could promote yield increase of paddy rice. The residue compost had better effect on crop yield than that of non-fermented residue. The residue compost added with microbialinoculant had the best effect. With fertilizer application at 400 kg.667 m-2, the paddy rice had less empty grain per ear and the yield reaches at 553.37 kg·667 m-2, while the yield increased by 20.55% compared with that under conventional fertilizer application treatment and by 44.18% compared with that with no fertilizer application treatment.