香菇（Lentinus edodes）对重金属镉（Cd）的吸收规律及控制技术研究

通过在香菇培养料中投放一定浓度的重金属镉（Cd）,研究香菇子实体对Cd的吸收富集规律。结果表明,香菇子实体对培养料中Cd的吸收富集规律为y=541.77x2.938（2R2=0.9135）（x、y分别为培养料、香菇中Cd的含量）,富集系数达到10.39～18.00,当香菇子实体中Cd的含量为y=1.5mg·kg^-1时,培养料中Cd的临界含量值x=0.1347mg·kg^-1。分别选择3个香菇主栽品种、两种不同栽培方式进行比较试验,研究香菇对Cd的积累特性。结果表明,Cd低富集的品种为＂庆元9015＂,比对镉积累最多的＂庆科20＂Cd含量降低33.19%,Cd低富集的栽培方式为＂离地层架栽培方式＂。据此形成了香菇中重金属Cd的综合控防技术,为香菇质量安全控制提供依据。

Investigation of Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation by Lentinus edodes and Its Control Technique

The heavy metal cadmium（Cd） was added into the culture medium at certain concentration in order to study the uptake and accumulation by Lentinus edodes during two consecutive growth years. The tested Lentinus edodes strain was＂Lentinus edodes L26＂during May, 2004 to May 2005 and the tested Lentinus edodes strain was＂Qing Ke 20＂ during May 2005 to May 2006. The results showed that Cd uptake and accumulation by Lentinus edodes could be fitted by equation of：y=541.77x2.938 2, （the correlation coefficient R2=0.913 5）, where x was culture materials（mg·kg^-1） and y was Cd content in the fruit body. When y=1.5 mg·kg^-1, the threshold content of Cd in the culture material：x=0.134 7 mg·kg^-1. In addition, three additional different species of Lentinus edodes were also investigated on their Cd uptake and accumulation capacity, the species namely were ＂Qing Ke 20＂、＂QingYuan 241＂ and ＂QingYuan 9015＂, and Lentinus edodes ＂QingYuan 9015＂ showed the lowest accumulation of Cd, so Lentinus edodes strain ＂QingYuan 9015＂ could be chosen as the optimal variety. Two other different cultivation patterns were also investigated on Cd uptake and accumulation by Lentinus edodes, and ＂the cultivation pattern of shelf-plangting＂ showed the lowest accumulation of Cd, which could be chosen as the optimal cultivation pattern. This study is helpful for development of Cd integrated control techniques and provides basis for safety of Lentinus edodes.