湖南4个典型工矿区大豆种植土壤Pb Cd Zn污染调查与评价

通过对湖南4个典型工矿区（郴州柿竹园矿区、郴州宝山矿区、衡阳水口山矿区、株洲清水塘工业区）大豆以及其种植土壤的采样调查,综合评价了4个工矿区大豆及其种植土壤重金属污染程度。结果显示：（1）4个工矿区21个采样点的大豆及其种植土壤已经受到了重金属污染。土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn的浓度范围分别为269.02～6450.35、3.04～23.93、104.22～381.91mg·kg-1,大豆籽粒中这3种重金属的浓度范围分别为4.69～20.05、0.81～5.48、24.87～190.48mg·kg-1,均已超过相应的标准。（2）21个采样点中大豆植株对Pb、Cd和Zn的生物富集系数大小依次为Cd〉Zn〉Pb,表明大豆植株对Cd富集能力大于Zn和Pb。（3）21个土壤样品中交换态Pb、Cd、Zn含量与大豆植株样品各部位中这3种重金属元素含量基本上存在着显著或极显著的正的线性关系。

Investigation and Evaluation of Pb,Cd,Zn Contamination in Soybean Planting Soils of 4 Typical Mine Zones in Hunan Province,China

In order to evaluate heavy metal pollution in soybean plants and the soils round four mine zones in Hunan Province,central south of China,sampling and surveys were conducted in Shizhuyuan and Baoshan in Chenzhou,Qingshuitang in Zhuzhou,Shuikoushan in Hengyang.The results indicated that：（1）Soybean plants and the soils were polluted by heavy metals in all the 21 sampling sites.Concentration ranges of Pb,Cd,and Zn in soybean planting soils were 269.02~6 450.35 mg·kg-1,3.04~23.93 mg·kg-1 and 104.22~381.91 mg·kg-1,respectively;concentration ranges of these three heavy metals in soybean plants were 4.69~20.05 mg·kg-1,0.81~5.48 mg·kg-1,24.87~190.48 mg·kg-1,respectively.Contents of these three heavy metals in all samples were higher than the national standards.（2）Bioconcentration factors of Pb,Cd,and Zn in soybean plants were in the sequence of CdZn Pb in the 21 sampling sites,indicating that accumulation ability of Cd in soybean plants was higher than those of Zn or Pb.（3）Significant or highly significant positive linear relations were found between the contents of exchangeable Pb,Cd,and Zn in soils and the contents of Pb,Cd,and Zn in different soybean organs.